ZIP code
78643
in Llano, TexasPopulation 7,088
49.08/ 100
Ranked #17,550 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 45%)
Ranked #605 of 1,868 Texas ZIPs (top 32%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Mental-health provider access
0.31 per 1,000 residents
in the top 1.9% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST99thUS98thDefinition & source ›
The number of mental-health clinics located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Dry extreme heat
91.3 days/year
in the top 2.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST79thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The average number of days per year with a modeled daily high of at least 95 °F.
Full methodology ›Industrial-pollution burden
in the bottom 4.0% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST4thUS4thDefinition & source ›
The EPA’s modeled screening score for industrial chemical releases, weighting the amounts released by their toxicity and how many people live nearby — a relative comparison score, not a measured exposure.
Full methodology ›Lithium in drinking water
9.6 µg/L
in the bottom 4.9% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST3rdUS5thDefinition & source ›
The average detected level of lithium — a natural trace metal with no federal drinking-water limit yet — across the public water systems serving this ZIP, in micrograms per liter.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Outpatient-care access
0.62 per 1,000 residents
in the top 5.1% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST95thUS95thDefinition & source ›
The number of outpatient clinics located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Fatal road crashes
36.7 per 100,000 residents per year
in the top 8.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST85thUS92ndDefinition & source ›
The annual rate of fatal road crashes per 100,000 residents, pooled over a ten-year window.
A rate per resident population. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the rate to be reliable — about 30% of US ZIPs — no value is published rather than an unstable one; those ZIPs are absent from this comparison, not counted as crash-free.
Full methodology ›Humid extreme heat
131.1 days/year
in the top 9.7% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST53rdUS90thDefinition & source ›
The average number of days per year when modeled heat stress — temperature, humidity, sun, and wind combined — reaches levels hard on the body outdoors.
Full methodology ›High cholesterol
43.8%
in the top 7.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST95thUS93rdDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults with high cholesterol, among those who have ever been screened for it.
Full methodology ›Grocery access
0.15 per 1,000 residents
in the top 11.1% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST92ndUS89thDefinition & source ›
The number of full supermarkets inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one. ZipVitals’s food-access signal is derived from these in-ZIP densities — it is not USDA’s food-desert designation, which measures distance to the nearest supermarket. Where a leg is missing, a ZIP reads “not determinable,” never “not a food desert.”
Full methodology ›The read
Overall, Llano, Texas (ZIP 78643) lands in the bottom 45% nationally (17,550th) and the top 32% of Texas (605th).
A number of measures pull each way for this area: mental-health providers sits in the top 1.9% nationally, and modeled industrial-pollution burden is in the bottom 4.0% nationally. Lithium in drinking water settles in the bottom 4.9% nationally, and outpatient resides in the top 5.1% nationally. Distance to an emergency room registers at the national minimum, shared with about 11% of ZIPs. Grocery rests in the top 11.1% nationally. Set against that, modeled extreme heat stands in the top 2.6% nationally, fatal road crashes lies in the top 8.5% nationally, and modeled humid heat lands in the top 9.7% nationally. Modeled high cholesterol sits in the top 7.5% nationally.
A note on the terms: industrial-pollution burden is the EPA's modeled screening score weighting industrial chemical releases by their toxicity and how many people live nearby. Lithium in drinking water is a natural metal that dissolves into some groundwater and has no federal drinking-water limit yet. Extreme heat is a modeled count of days a year reaching a dangerously high temperature, a leading weather hazard. For a healthier nearby comparison, ZIP 76856, just across the boundary, ranks better overall.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 72%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 96%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 64%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 67%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 64%
8%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 22%
21%
Disability
healthier than 33%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 11%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 16%
5%
Lifting this score
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 74%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 94%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 95%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 84%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 70%
8%
About typical
Disability
healthier than 40%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 56%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 9%
21%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 17%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
One of our published findings lists this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Clean environment, heavy chronic burden
Where the environment and chronic illness point in opposite directions
Environmental-hazard standing 95.6 (top 10%); chronic-disease standing 21.5 — 74 points apart, cleaner on the environment than it is on chronic illness.
Ranked #816 of the 18,187 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by the gap from cleanest environment to heaviest chronic burden, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
76832
Texasshares a border
Score 41.23
Closest healthier
76856
Texasshares a border
Score 51.09
Similar health profile
76864
Texas98% similar profile
Score 48.36
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 34.5% | 30.7–38.5 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 43.2% | 38.6–47.9 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 12.1% | 10.9–13.2 |
| Current asthma among adults | 10.2% | 9.0–11.5 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 9.2% | 8.2–10.3 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 9.5% | 8.2–10.8 |
| Depression among adults | 22.6% | 19.3–26.4 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 14.9% | 12.9–17.1 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 43.8% | 39.1–48.6 |
| Obesity among adults | 36.1% | 27.9–44.9 |
| Stroke among adults | 4.7% | 4.2–5.1 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 12.3% | 10.0–14.9 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 12.2% | 10.3–14.4 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 82.8% | 80.1–85.2 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 79.6% | 76.2–82.8 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 89.4% | 87.9–90.8 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 68.1% | 62.9–72.7 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 62.2% | 58.6–65.9 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 74.1% | 65.7–81.1 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 14.2% | 11.6–17.0 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 13.9% | 11.7–16.2 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 27.9% | 23.3–32.8 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 34.3% | 27.4–41.4 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 22.4% | 19.5–25.5 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 15.6% | 13.8–17.5 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 15.5% | 13.7–17.6 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 13.9% | 12.2–15.6 |
| Any disability among adults | 35.9% | 31.5–40.8 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 10.2% | 9.0–11.4 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 9.1% | 8.0–10.3 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 18.8% | 16.2–21.5 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 4.5% | 4.0–5.1 |
| Vision disability among adults | 5.7% | 5.1–6.4 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | TX median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 9.9% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 12.4% (3.5–26.4%) n=1,869 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 23.8% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 22.3% (8.2–41.5%) n=1,862 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 10.7% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 12.2% (2.5–30.0%) n=1,881 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 33.4% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 21.9% (9.0–51.4%) n=1,881 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 4.0% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 4.2% (0.0–9.4%) n=1,865 |
| Households without a vehicle | 3.8% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.7% (0.0–10.8%) n=1,868 |
| Broadband subscription | 89.3% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 89.2% (75.0–97.3%) n=1,868 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 30.4% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 26.2% (8.8–40.3%) n=1,868 |
| Homeownership rate | 74.7% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 75.0% (46.4–92.3%) n=1,868 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 0.0% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 3.1% (0.0–9.0%) n=1,868 |
| Foreign-born population | 2.6% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 8.1% (0.1–26.4%) n=1,886 |
| Single-parent households | 56.6% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 48.5% (34.3–70.6%) n=1,861 |
| Population 65+ | 35.1% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 16.1% (8.6–30.1%) n=1,886 |
| Median age | 54.5 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 38.3 yr (30.9–52.3) n=1,866 |
| Median household income | $68,365 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $69,983 ($46,006–$112,413) n=1,737 |
| Median home value | $362,600 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $210,500 ($97,060–$429,760) n=1,693 |
| Median gross rent | $1,077 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $1,154 ($764–$1,815) n=1,508 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | TX median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 77.9 yr ± 1.03 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 78.2 yr (75.1–81.7) n=1,772 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 1.03 years of 77.9, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured