ZIP code
45403
in Dayton, OhioPopulation 13,608
28.87/ 100
Ranked #30,971 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 3.5%)
Ranked #1,142 of 1,176 Ohio ZIPs (bottom 2.9%)
Ranked #54 of 57 Dayton-Kettering-Beavercreek, OH ZIPs (bottom 5.3%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Lead in tap water
440 ppb
in the top 0.02% nationally
Lower is healthier
US99thDefinition & source ›
The lead level at the 90th percentile of tap-water samples reported by the public water systems serving this ZIP, in parts per billion — the EPA requires action above 15 ppb.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Tooth loss
29.3%
in the top 3.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST95thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults aged 65 and older who have lost all of their natural teeth.
Full methodology ›PFOS in drinking water
100%
at the national maximum
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The share of residents served by public water systems where PFOS, one of the most common “forever chemicals,” was detected in EPA testing.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Mammography
65.5%
in the bottom 3.4% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST1stUS3rdDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of women aged 50–74 who had a mammogram within the past two years.
Full methodology ›Industrial-pollution burden
in the top 3.0% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST96thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The EPA’s modeled screening score for industrial chemical releases, weighting the amounts released by their toxicity and how many people live nearby — a relative comparison score, not a measured exposure.
Full methodology ›Fair or poor health
31.7%
in the top 5.7% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST97thUS94thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who rate their own general health as fair or poor.
Full methodology ›Cognitive disability
21.4%
in the top 5.1% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST97thUS95thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults with serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions.
Full methodology ›Independent-living disability
13.4%
in the top 5.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST96thUS95thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who have difficulty doing errands alone, such as visiting a doctor’s office, because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition.
Full methodology ›Walkability
160 intersections/sq mi
in the top 4.2% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST94thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The number of street intersections per square mile — a standard street-connectivity measure; denser networks correlate with more walkable neighborhoods.
Full methodology ›Poverty rate
35.1%
in the top 4.4% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST95thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The share of residents whose income is below the federal poverty line, from the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey.
Full methodology ›The read
By the composite measure, ZIP 45403, one of several in Dayton, Ohio sits in the bottom 3.5% nationally (30,971st) and the bottom 2.9% of Ohio (1,142nd).
Where this area is stretched, the data is unambiguous: lead in tap water resides in the top 0.02% nationally, modeled tooth loss lies in the top 3.6% nationally, and PFOS in drinking water settles at the national maximum. Modeled mammography stands in the bottom 3.4% nationally, industrial-pollution burden is in the top 3.0% nationally, and fair or poor health rests in the top 5.7% nationally. Modeled cognitive disability sits in the top 5.1% nationally, and independent living disability registers in the top 5.5% nationally. Poverty lands in the top 4.4% nationally. Better still, walkability resides in the top 4.2% nationally.
Compared with the ZIPs that surround it, lead in tap water runs far higher than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. In plain language, lead in tap water is the EPA trigger, 15 parts per billion in tap samples, above which a water system must act on lead. PFOS in drinking water is a common one of the man-made "forever chemicals" that build up in the body and environment instead of breaking down. Industrial-pollution burden is the EPA's modeled screening score weighting industrial chemical releases by their toxicity and how many people live nearby. ZIP 45402, just across the boundary, ranks healthier overall.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Dayton-Kettering-Beavercreek, OH metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 74%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 92%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 21%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 4%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 8%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 6%
13%
Risk Behavior
in the bottom 0.9%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 2%
8%
Disability
healthier than 9%
7%
Lifting this score
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 61%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 92%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 23%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 2%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 14%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 1%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 2%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 3%
8%
Disability
healthier than 4%
7%
Lifting this score
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 84%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 93%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 14%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 2%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 25%
14%
Preventive Care
in the bottom 0.00%
13%
Risk Behavior
in the bottom 0.00%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 4%
8%
Disability
healthier than 5%
7%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
2 of our published findings list this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 69.8 ± 1.2 years. A median household income of $38,323 predicts 76.3 years — 6.5 years below.
Ranked #5,779 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Below its nearby ZIPs
The ZIP codes that outlive their neighbors
Estimated life expectancy is 69.8 ± 1.2 years. The 48 nearest ZIP codes with estimates average 77.2 years — 7.5 years below them.
Ranked #3,649 of the 3,687 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above the nearby-ZIP average, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
45402
Ohioshares a border
Score 38.31
Closest healthier
45410
Ohioshares a border
Score 40.24
Similar health profile
44311
Ohio99% similar profile
Score 24.35
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 28.8% | 26.2–31.5 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 37.9% | 34.6–41.2 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 6.6% | 6.0–7.2 |
| Current asthma among adults | 12.6% | 11.3–14.1 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 8.3% | 7.5–9.1 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 12.1% | 10.8–13.3 |
| Depression among adults | 29.8% | 26.5–33.3 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 16.7% | 14.9–18.6 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 32.9% | 29.8–36.2 |
| Obesity among adults | 43.2% | 38.1–48.5 |
| Stroke among adults | 4.5% | 4.2–4.9 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 29.3% | 25.2–33.5 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 15.4% | 13.5–17.4 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 74.4% | 71.6–77.0 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 76.9% | 73.6–80.0 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 78.9% | 76.6–81.1 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 56.4% | 52.2–60.6 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 47.0% | 43.7–50.3 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 65.5% | 57.8–72.2 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 15.7% | 13.2–18.5 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 25.3% | 22.3–28.2 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 39.7% | 35.3–43.9 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 43.6% | 39.3–47.9 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 31.7% | 28.4–34.8 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 23.0% | 20.8–25.4 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 18.8% | 16.7–20.8 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 21.4% | 19.2–23.5 |
| Any disability among adults | 39.9% | 36.0–43.7 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 7.7% | 6.9–8.6 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 13.4% | 12.0–14.7 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 19.3% | 17.1–21.5 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 6.7% | 6.0–7.2 |
| Vision disability among adults | 8.7% | 7.9–9.4 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 24.3% | 21.1–27.9 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 29.5% | 26.2–33.0 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 29.3% | 26.1–32.8 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 21.7% | 19.2–24.5 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 15.4% | 13.8–17.3 |
| Loneliness among adults | 39.7% | 35.1–44.6 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 16.9% | 15.0–19.0 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | OH median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 35.1% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 10.7% (3.5–26.2%) n=1,177 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 15.3% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 7.8% (2.5–18.1%) n=1,174 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 19.8% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 7.5% (2.3–17.0%) n=1,179 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 13.3% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 19.7% (8.1–45.8%) n=1,179 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 10.0% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 3.7% (0.0–9.8%) n=1,171 |
| Households without a vehicle | 20.2% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 4.4% (0.0–14.5%) n=1,177 |
| Broadband subscription | 87.0% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 88.9% (76.5–96.0%) n=1,177 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 38.6% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 21.3% (11.2–34.6%) n=1,177 |
| Homeownership rate | 40.0% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 78.3% (52.8–91.8%) n=1,177 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 2.7% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 0.8% (0.0–3.5%) n=1,177 |
| Foreign-born population | 11.1% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 1.0% (0.0–6.8%) n=1,180 |
| Single-parent households | 37.5% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 53.2% (36.6–68.1%) n=1,168 |
| Population 65+ | 10.2% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 19.0% (11.1–27.2%) n=1,180 |
| Median age | 35.0 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 41.5 yr (33.2–50.5) n=1,169 |
| Median household income | $38,323 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $70,500 ($46,328–$101,197) n=1,127 |
| Median home value | $87,500 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $177,700 ($104,860–$310,980) n=1,117 |
| Median gross rent | $779 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $907 ($714–$1,294) n=1,007 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | OH median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 69.8 yr ± 0.61 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 77.9 yr (74.0–81.3) n=1,154 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.61 years of 69.8, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured