ZIP code
43615
in Toledo, OhioPopulation 40,146
49.24/ 100
Ranked #17,327 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 46%)
Ranked #473 of 1,176 Ohio ZIPs (top 40%)
Ranked #37 of 61 Toledo, OH ZIPs (bottom 39%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Subsidized affordable housing
591 units
in the top 3.6% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST96thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The number of affordable rental units in this ZIP supported by the federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program.
Full methodology ›Lead in tap water
0 ppb
at the national minimum
Lower is healthier
US1stDefinition & source ›
The lead level at the 90th percentile of tap-water samples reported by the public water systems serving this ZIP, in parts per billion — the EPA requires action above 15 ppb.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Loud transportation noise
2.2%
in the top 6.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST95thUS94thDefinition & source ›
The modeled share of residents exposed to average road, rail, and aviation noise at or above 65 decibels — around the volume of normal conversation.
Full methodology ›Industrial-pollution burden
in the top 7.0% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST83rdUS93rdDefinition & source ›
The EPA’s modeled screening score for industrial chemical releases, weighting the amounts released by their toxicity and how many people live nearby — a relative comparison score, not a measured exposure.
Full methodology ›Mental-health provider access
0.13 per 1,000 residents
in the top 8.2% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST93rdUS92ndDefinition & source ›
The number of mental-health clinics located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Transit access
3.3 per 1,000 residents
in the top 9.2% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST89thUS91stDefinition & source ›
The number of public-transit stops inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Outpatient-care access
0.38 per 1,000 residents
in the top 12.6% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST91stUS87thDefinition & source ›
The number of outpatient clinics located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Park land
8.8%
in the top 13.0% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST91stUS87thDefinition & source ›
The share of this ZIP’s land area that is public parkland.
Full methodology ›Expected annual disaster loss
$0
in the top 14.4% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST96thUS86thDefinition & source ›
FEMA’s modeled estimate, in dollars per year, of the average harm to people expected from natural hazards — an annualized average, not a forecast for any single year.
Full methodology ›Radon
1.3 pCi/L
in the bottom 36% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST5thUS36thDefinition & source ›
The modeled typical indoor radon level for this area, in picocuries per liter — the EPA recommends fixing a home at 4 pCi/L or above.
Modeled from indoor-radon measurements. In Alaska and Hawaii, where those measurements are not published, a US Geological Survey geologic radon-potential category stands in — a coarser input, disclosed rather than hidden.
Full methodology ›The read
By its overall health score, ZIP 43615, one of several in Toledo, Ohio lands in the bottom 46% nationally (17,327th) and the top 40% of Ohio (473rd).
Neither strongly one way nor the other, the measures sit mixed: subsidized affordable housing registers in the top 3.6% nationally, and lead in tap water sits at the national minimum. Mental-health providers rests in the top 8.2% nationally, and transit is in the top 9.2% nationally. Distance to a community health center stands at the national minimum, shared with about 23% of ZIPs. Outpatient settles in the top 12.6% nationally. Against that, modeled loud transportation noise lies in the top 6.5% nationally, industrial-pollution burden resides in the top 7.0% nationally, and loneliness lands in the top 10.5% nationally. Homeownership registers in the bottom 11.4% nationally.
Weighed against the ZIPs nearby, park land runs far higher than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. To translate a couple of terms, lead in tap water is the EPA trigger, 15 parts per billion in tap samples, above which a water system must act on lead. Industrial-pollution burden is the EPA's modeled screening score weighting industrial chemical releases by their toxicity and how many people live nearby. Subsidized affordable housing is the main federal tax-credit program (HUD) funding affordable rental housing, counted as local units it supports. Overall, the nearest healthier neighbor is ZIP 43528, just across the boundary.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Toledo, OH metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Preventive Care
healthier than 70%
13%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 63%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 93%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 46%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 45%
16%
Disability
healthier than 53%
7%
Holding it back
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 20%
14%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 30%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 22%
8%
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 62%
21%
Preventive Care
healthier than 72%
13%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 93%
5%
About typical
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 50%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 56%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 48%
8%
Disability
healthier than 48%
7%
Holding it back
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 37%
14%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 34%
5%
Lifting this score
Preventive Care
healthier than 62%
13%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 98%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 42%
21%
Mental Health
healthier than 47%
8%
Holding it back
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 40%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 30%
14%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 36%
11%
Disability
healthier than 28%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 25%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
One of our published findings lists this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 76.6 ± 0.7 years. A median household income of $57,713 predicts 77.9 years — 1.3 years below.
Ranked #1,610 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
43528
Ohioshares a border
Score 54.72
Closest healthier
43537
Ohioshares a border
Score 57.68
Similar health profile
16652
Pennsylvania97% similar profile
Score 51.03
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 30.7% | 28.2–33.2 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 37.3% | 34.4–40.3 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 8.3% | 7.6–9.0 |
| Current asthma among adults | 11.6% | 10.4–12.9 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 7.2% | 6.5–7.9 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 8.2% | 7.5–9.0 |
| Depression among adults | 25.9% | 23.1–28.9 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 14.1% | 12.6–15.7 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 35.6% | 32.6–38.6 |
| Obesity among adults | 35.7% | 31.5–40.2 |
| Stroke among adults | 4.0% | 3.7–4.3 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 15.0% | 13.3–16.8 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 8.3% | 7.2–9.4 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 80.4% | 78.2–82.5 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 81.4% | 78.9–83.9 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 86.3% | 84.8–87.8 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 67.2% | 64.8–69.7 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 62.0% | 60.0–64.2 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 77.6% | 73.9–80.9 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 15.1% | 12.8–17.5 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 15.4% | 13.7–17.3 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 29.1% | 26.0–32.4 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 40.6% | 38.1–43.3 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 21.1% | 19.1–23.3 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 18.3% | 16.5–20.1 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 14.2% | 12.7–15.7 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 14.5% | 13.1–16.0 |
| Any disability among adults | 30.9% | 28.0–34.1 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 6.4% | 5.7–7.1 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 8.9% | 8.1–9.8 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 15.0% | 13.5–16.7 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 4.3% | 4.0–4.7 |
| Vision disability among adults | 5.4% | 5.0–5.8 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 23.1% | 20.1–26.4 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 17.1% | 15.0–19.3 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 15.0% | 13.3–16.9 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 14.0% | 12.3–15.8 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 9.2% | 8.2–10.4 |
| Loneliness among adults | 37.5% | 33.1–42.3 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 10.4% | 9.2–11.8 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | OH median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 16.0% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 10.7% (3.5–26.2%) n=1,177 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 8.2% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 7.8% (2.5–18.1%) n=1,174 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 6.1% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 7.5% (2.3–17.0%) n=1,179 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 28.4% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 19.7% (8.1–45.8%) n=1,179 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 5.6% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 3.7% (0.0–9.8%) n=1,171 |
| Households without a vehicle | 7.7% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 4.4% (0.0–14.5%) n=1,177 |
| Broadband subscription | 91.8% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 88.9% (76.5–96.0%) n=1,177 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 30.0% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 21.3% (11.2–34.6%) n=1,177 |
| Homeownership rate | 54.0% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 78.3% (52.8–91.8%) n=1,177 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 0.8% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 0.8% (0.0–3.5%) n=1,177 |
| Foreign-born population | 5.6% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 1.0% (0.0–6.8%) n=1,180 |
| Single-parent households | 46.0% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 53.2% (36.6–68.1%) n=1,168 |
| Population 65+ | 20.7% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 19.0% (11.1–27.2%) n=1,180 |
| Median age | 37.8 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 41.5 yr (33.2–50.5) n=1,169 |
| Median household income | $57,713 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $70,500 ($46,328–$101,197) n=1,127 |
| Median home value | $153,400 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $177,700 ($104,860–$310,980) n=1,117 |
| Median gross rent | $1,043 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $907 ($714–$1,294) n=1,007 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | OH median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 76.6 yr ± 0.36 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 77.9 yr (74.0–81.3) n=1,154 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.36 years of 76.6, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured