ZIP code
43078
in Urbana, OhioPopulation 19,695
45.98/ 100
Ranked #21,373 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 33%)
Ranked #677 of 1,176 Ohio ZIPs (bottom 42%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Radon
4.7 pCi/L
in the top 0.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The modeled typical indoor radon level for this area, in picocuries per liter — the EPA recommends fixing a home at 4 pCi/L or above.
Modeled from indoor-radon measurements. In Alaska and Hawaii, where those measurements are not published, a US Geological Survey geologic radon-potential category stands in — a coarser input, disclosed rather than hidden.
Full methodology ›Lead in tap water
5.4 ppb
in the top 8.9% nationally
Lower is healthier
US91stDefinition & source ›
The lead level at the 90th percentile of tap-water samples reported by the public water systems serving this ZIP, in parts per billion — the EPA requires action above 15 ppb.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Arsenic in groundwater
14.9%
in the top 10.0% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST81stUS90thDefinition & source ›
The modeled probability that untreated groundwater in this area — the source private wells draw on — exceeds the federal arsenic limit of 10 micrograms per liter.
A modeled likelihood for untreated groundwater, the source drawn on by private wells, which are federally unregulated. It is not a measurement of treated water delivered by a public system, and it is not a test of any individual well.
Full methodology ›Mental-health provider access
0.1 per 1,000 residents
in the top 10.9% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST91stUS89thDefinition & source ›
The number of mental-health clinics located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Obesity
43.2%
in the top 8.3% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST85thUS92ndDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults with obesity, defined as a body-mass index of 30 or higher.
Full methodology ›Floodplain exposure
17.3%
in the top 21% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST90thUS79thDefinition & source ›
The share of this ZIP’s land area inside FEMA’s 1%-annual-chance floodplain — the “100-year” flood zone, where flooding has about a 1-in-100 chance in any given year.
Measured from FEMA’s mapped flood panels. Where a panel has not been mapped, no value is published for that ZIP — those ZIPs are absent from this comparison rather than counted as unexposed.
Full methodology ›Cross-source signals
Combined exposures in this ZIP
More than one environmental exposure stands out in this ZIP. Each is established independently and shown on its own above; they are grouped here for context — not because one causes the other.
USGS models a high likelihood that groundwater arsenic here exceeds 10 µg/L — the level EPA sets as the limit for public water systems — and this area's modeled radon runs above EPA's 4 pCi/L action level.
See the full radon & arsenic analysis →
The read
On the composite measure, Urbana, Ohio (ZIP 43078) stands in the bottom 33% nationally (21,373rd) and the bottom 42% of Ohio (677th).
Several signals sit on each side of the ledger here: distance to an emergency room registers at the national minimum, shared with about 11% of ZIPs. Mental-health providers lies in the top 10.9% nationally. Distance to a community health center is at the national minimum, shared with about 23% of ZIPs. Subsidized affordable housing registers in the top 11.7% nationally. Distance to a nursing home lies at the national minimum, shared with about 27% of ZIPs. Working the other way, modeled radon is in the top 0.6% nationally, lead in tap water registers in the top 8.9% nationally, and modeled arsenic lies in the top 10.0% nationally. Modeled obesity is in the top 8.3% nationally, and short sleep registers in the top 11.2% nationally.
Set beside the wider area around it, park land runs far higher than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. For clarity, radon is a radioactive soil gas the EPA identifies as the top cause of lung cancer in nonsmokers. Lead in tap water is the EPA trigger, 15 parts per billion in tap samples, above which a water system must act on lead. Arsenic is a natural groundwater contaminant, here a modeled estimate of the chance private-well levels exceed a benchmark. ZIP 43009, just across the boundary, ranks better overall among the ZIPs nearby.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Healthcare Access
in the top 0.00%
5%
About typical
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 54%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 60%
13%
Disability
healthier than 58%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 45%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 32%
21%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 3%
14%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 22%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 30%
8%
Lifting this score
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 61%
16%
Mental Health
healthier than 66%
8%
Healthcare Access
in the top 0.00%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 40%
21%
Preventive Care
healthier than 57%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 44%
11%
Disability
healthier than 53%
7%
Holding it back
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 4%
14%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 12%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
One of our published findings lists this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 76.7 ± 1.4 years. A median household income of $73,816 predicts 78.9 years — 2.2 years below.
Ranked #2,997 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
43009
Ohioshares a border
Score 50.24
Closest healthier
43044
Ohioshares a border
Score 46.28
Similar health profile
45005
Ohio93% similar profile
Score 48.10
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 32.9% | 29.6–36.2 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 39.0% | 35.1–43.0 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 10.1% | 9.2–11.0 |
| Current asthma among adults | 11.1% | 9.9–12.4 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 7.9% | 7.1–8.6 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 8.9% | 8.0–9.8 |
| Depression among adults | 25.4% | 21.9–29.0 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 13.2% | 11.6–14.8 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 38.2% | 34.2–42.4 |
| Obesity among adults | 43.2% | 35.6–51.1 |
| Stroke among adults | 3.8% | 3.5–4.1 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 16.0% | 13.1–19.1 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 7.7% | 6.5–9.0 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 80.6% | 78.3–82.8 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 80.0% | 76.8–82.8 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 86.7% | 85.1–88.1 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 65.9% | 61.0–70.5 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 62.7% | 59.0–66.1 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 74.1% | 66.5–80.8 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 15.9% | 13.2–18.8 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 16.3% | 14.2–18.5 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 27.9% | 23.8–32.3 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 41.4% | 34.8–48.2 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 19.3% | 17.0–21.7 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 17.5% | 15.7–19.5 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 14.8% | 13.1–16.4 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 14.1% | 12.6–15.8 |
| Any disability among adults | 31.2% | 27.3–35.1 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 7.6% | 6.9–8.5 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 8.2% | 7.4–9.1 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 14.9% | 13.2–16.8 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 3.8% | 3.5–4.2 |
| Vision disability among adults | 4.7% | 4.3–5.1 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 21.0% | 17.9–24.5 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 12.4% | 10.6–14.6 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 10.1% | 8.6–11.8 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 9.9% | 8.5–11.5 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 6.9% | 6.1–7.9 |
| Loneliness among adults | 34.4% | 29.4–39.8 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 7.1% | 6.1–8.1 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | OH median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 10.0% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 10.7% (3.5–26.2%) n=1,177 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 8.6% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 7.8% (2.5–18.1%) n=1,174 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 10.0% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 7.5% (2.3–17.0%) n=1,179 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 22.1% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 19.7% (8.1–45.8%) n=1,179 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 5.2% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 3.7% (0.0–9.8%) n=1,171 |
| Households without a vehicle | 6.0% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 4.4% (0.0–14.5%) n=1,177 |
| Broadband subscription | 89.4% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 88.9% (76.5–96.0%) n=1,177 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 21.9% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 21.3% (11.2–34.6%) n=1,177 |
| Homeownership rate | 74.0% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 78.3% (52.8–91.8%) n=1,177 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 0.9% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 0.8% (0.0–3.5%) n=1,177 |
| Foreign-born population | 1.0% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 1.0% (0.0–6.8%) n=1,180 |
| Single-parent households | 53.9% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 53.2% (36.6–68.1%) n=1,168 |
| Population 65+ | 21.0% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 19.0% (11.1–27.2%) n=1,180 |
| Median age | 42.3 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 41.5 yr (33.2–50.5) n=1,169 |
| Median household income | $73,816 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $70,500 ($46,328–$101,197) n=1,127 |
| Median home value | $197,600 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $177,700 ($104,860–$310,980) n=1,117 |
| Median gross rent | $941 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $907 ($714–$1,294) n=1,007 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | OH median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 76.7 yr ± 0.70 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 77.9 yr (74.0–81.3) n=1,154 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.70 years of 76.7, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured