ZIP code
23430
in Smithfield, VirginiaPopulation 19,109
55.63/ 100
Ranked #8,712 of 32,066 US ZIPs (top 27%)
Ranked #249 of 873 Virginia ZIPs (top 29%)
Ranked #40 of 123 Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC ZIPs (top 33%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Distance to a Superfund site
1 mi
in the bottom 7.0% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST6thUS7thDefinition & source ›
The distance in miles from this ZIP’s edge to the nearest Superfund site — an abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous-waste site the EPA has listed for cleanup.
Full methodology ›Subsidized affordable housing
334 units
in the top 7.3% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST90thUS93rdDefinition & source ›
The number of affordable rental units in this ZIP supported by the federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program.
Full methodology ›Natural-disaster risk
in the top 17% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST96thUS83rdDefinition & source ›
This area’s national rank on its single highest non-flood natural hazard — such as wildfire, tornado, or earthquake — in FEMA’s modeled National Risk Index; flooding is shown separately.
Full methodology ›The read
On the composite measure, Smithfield, Virginia (ZIP 23430) stands in the top 27% healthiest ZIPs nationally (8,712th) and the top 29% of Virginia (249th).
The bright spots in the data define much of the story here: subsidized affordable housing lands in the top 7.3% nationally. Distance to a nursing home settles at the national minimum, shared with about 27% of ZIPs. Modeled binge drinking rests in the bottom 14.7% nationally, mental-health providers lands in the top 18% nationally, and grocery settles in the top 18% nationally. Modeled pfas rests in the bottom 18% nationally, and radon lands in the bottom 21% nationally. On the other side, distance to a Superfund site settles in the bottom 7.0% nationally. Distance to a hazardous-chemical facility rests at the national minimum, shared with about 31% of ZIPs. Modeled disaster risk lands in the top 17% nationally.
Set beside the wider area around it, park land runs far higher than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. For clarity, distance to a Superfund site is an abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous-waste site the EPA has identified for cleanup. Distance to a hazardous-chemical facility is a plant handling large amounts of hazardous chemicals that must file an EPA risk-management plan for accidental releases. Disaster risk is the area's national rank on its highest non-flood peril in FEMA's modeled Risk Index, like wildfire or quake. ZIP 23185, just across the boundary, ranks better overall among the ZIPs nearby.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 81%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 69%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 89%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 76%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 65%
8%
About typical
Disability
healthier than 55%
7%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 51%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 39%
21%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 40%
5%
Lifting this score
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 74%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 83%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 71%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 74%
8%
Disability
healthier than 64%
7%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 58%
21%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 52%
14%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 58%
5%
Holding it back
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 28%
5%
Lifting this score
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 75%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 76%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 67%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 80%
8%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 81%
5%
About typical
Disability
healthier than 50%
7%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 47%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 35%
21%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 38%
14%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
One of our published findings lists this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 77.6 ± 1.2 years. A median household income of $104,065 predicts 80.2 years — 2.7 years below.
Ranked #3,707 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
23185
Virginiashares a border
Score 60.71
Closest healthier
23304
Virginiashares a border
Score 57.72
Similar health profile
21620
Maryland98% similar profile
Score 56.06
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 32.3% | 28.8–35.8 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 40.8% | 36.7–45.1 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 9.3% | 8.5–10.2 |
| Current asthma among adults | 11.0% | 9.8–12.4 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 7.2% | 6.5–8.0 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 7.4% | 6.5–8.2 |
| Depression among adults | 22.0% | 18.8–25.4 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 14.7% | 12.8–16.7 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 40.0% | 35.7–44.4 |
| Obesity among adults | 37.0% | 29.7–44.8 |
| Stroke among adults | 4.0% | 3.7–4.4 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 13.1% | 10.8–15.6 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 7.3% | 6.1–8.5 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 80.9% | 78.1–83.4 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 81.9% | 78.8–84.7 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 89.6% | 88.2–90.9 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 69.6% | 65.0–73.8 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 68.5% | 65.4–71.4 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 78.5% | 71.8–84.0 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 13.1% | 10.7–15.7 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 13.2% | 11.5–15.2 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 24.5% | 20.7–28.7 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 36.2% | 30.3–42.1 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 19.4% | 17.1–21.9 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 15.9% | 14.1–17.8 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 14.1% | 12.5–15.8 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 14.0% | 12.5–15.6 |
| Any disability among adults | 32.6% | 28.7–36.9 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 7.1% | 6.3–8.0 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 8.2% | 7.3–9.1 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 16.2% | 14.3–18.4 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 4.0% | 3.6–4.3 |
| Vision disability among adults | 4.9% | 4.5–5.4 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 21.0% | 17.8–24.6 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 12.6% | 10.7–14.5 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 10.8% | 9.3–12.5 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 10.6% | 9.1–12.2 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 7.1% | 6.3–8.1 |
| Loneliness among adults | 31.9% | 27.0–37.2 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 7.1% | 6.2–8.2 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | VA median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 5.5% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 9.2% (2.0–22.9%) n=863 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 7.0% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 8.3% (0.0–19.2%) n=861 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 6.5% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 9.2% (1.9–20.7%) n=872 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 33.0% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 26.0% (9.2–59.8%) n=872 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 2.6% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 3.2% (0.0–8.2%) n=860 |
| Households without a vehicle | 5.3% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.6% (0.0–11.3%) n=862 |
| Broadband subscription | 85.3% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 87.9% (69.5–97.9%) n=862 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 26.1% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 23.1% (10.8–38.1%) n=862 |
| Homeownership rate | 86.5% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 78.1% (52.2–95.9%) n=862 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 0.4% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 0.7% (0.0–4.0%) n=862 |
| Foreign-born population | 2.7% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 2.9% (0.0–17.0%) n=874 |
| Single-parent households | 59.7% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 54.3% (38.2–78.2%) n=855 |
| Population 65+ | 21.1% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 20.5% (10.8–37.3%) n=874 |
| Median age | 47.9 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 43.6 yr (34.0–59.2) n=864 |
| Median household income | $104,065 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $73,854 ($46,504–$141,698) n=804 |
| Median home value | $367,400 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $274,800 ($123,240–$642,380) n=789 |
| Median gross rent | $1,163 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $1,144 ($742–$2,191) n=615 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | VA median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 77.5 yr ± 0.60 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 77.6 yr (74.5–81.4) n=826 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.60 years of 77.5, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured