ZIP code
12093
in Jefferson, New YorkPopulation 1,276
52.93/ 100
Ranked #12,180 of 32,066 US ZIPs (top 38%)
Ranked #1,232 of 1,730 New York ZIPs (bottom 29%)
Ranked #97 of 114 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY ZIPs (bottom 15.0%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Industrial-pollution burden
in the bottom 1.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST1stUS1stDefinition & source ›
The EPA’s modeled screening score for industrial chemical releases, weighting the amounts released by their toxicity and how many people live nearby — a relative comparison score, not a measured exposure.
Full methodology ›Distance to a community health center
32.3 mi
in the top 3.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The distance in miles from this ZIP’s edge to the nearest federally funded community health center, which serves patients regardless of ability to pay.
Full methodology ›Transportation noise
0.06%
in the bottom 7.4% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST7thUS7thDefinition & source ›
The modeled share of residents exposed to average road, rail, and aviation noise at or above 55 decibels — a noticeable background presence.
Full methodology ›Civic-institution access
0.63 per 1,000 residents
in the top 8.9% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST89thUS91stDefinition & source ›
The number of civic and social organizations inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Tree cover
69.4%
in the top 9.5% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST85thUS91stDefinition & source ›
The share of this ZIP’s land area covered by forest.
Full methodology ›Colon-cancer screening
73.2%
in the top 6.8% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST83rdUS93rdDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults aged 45–75 who are up to date on colorectal-cancer screening.
Full methodology ›Humid extreme heat
16.5 days/year
in the bottom 13.2% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST8thUS13thDefinition & source ›
The average number of days per year when modeled heat stress — temperature, humidity, sun, and wind combined — reaches levels hard on the body outdoors.
Full methodology ›Distance to a Superfund site
28.3 mi
in the top 30% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST96thUS70thDefinition & source ›
The distance in miles from this ZIP’s edge to the nearest Superfund site — an abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous-waste site the EPA has listed for cleanup.
Full methodology ›The read
In overall standing, Jefferson, New York (ZIP 12093) comes out in the top 38% healthiest ZIPs nationally (12,180th) and the bottom 29% of New York (1,232nd).
The profile opens balanced, with readings on either hand: modeled industrial-pollution burden lands in the bottom 1.5% nationally, modeled transportation noise is in the bottom 7.4% nationally, and civic resides in the top 8.9% nationally. Modeled tree cover rests in the top 9.5% nationally. Modeled extreme heat lies at the national minimum, shared with about 19% of ZIPs. Modeled colon screening sits in the top 6.8% nationally. Modeled loud transportation noise settles at the national minimum, shared with about 22% of ZIPs. Homeownership registers in the top 11.9% nationally, and modeled humid heat stands in the bottom 13.2% nationally. By contrast, distance to a community health center lands in the top 3.6% nationally.
In plain terms, industrial-pollution burden is the EPA's modeled screening score weighting industrial chemical releases by their toxicity and how many people live nearby. Distance to a community health center is a federally funded (HRSA) community health center serving everyone regardless of ability to pay. Transportation noise is the modeled share of an area exposed to average road, rail, and air noise at or above 55 decibels. The nearest healthier ZIP overall is ZIP 12131, just across the boundary.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 75%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 90%
13%
Mental Health
healthier than 74%
8%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 96%
5%
About typical
Risk Behavior
healthier than 42%
11%
Disability
healthier than 59%
7%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 39%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 29%
16%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 3%
5%
Lifting this score
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 80%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 63%
13%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 97%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 14%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 24%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 30%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 34%
8%
Disability
healthier than 27%
7%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 1%
5%
Lifting this score
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 66%
14%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 97%
5%
About typical
Preventive Care
healthier than 60%
13%
Mental Health
healthier than 51%
8%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 10%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 15%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 28%
11%
Disability
healthier than 27%
7%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 3%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
12036
New Yorkshares a border
Score 51.58
Closest healthier
12131
New Yorkshares a border
Score 54.86
Similar health profile
13775
New York99% similar profile
Score 52.74
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 31.3% | 28.5–34.3 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 38.9% | 35.6–42.7 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 10.9% | 10.0–11.8 |
| Current asthma among adults | 11.3% | 10.3–12.5 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 8.1% | 7.2–9.0 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 8.7% | 7.5–10.1 |
| Depression among adults | 20.3% | 17.8–23.2 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 12.3% | 10.8–13.9 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 40.9% | 37.5–44.6 |
| Obesity among adults | 33.3% | 28.1–39.3 |
| Stroke among adults | 4.0% | 3.6–4.5 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 11.1% | 9.8–13.2 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 5.9% | 4.8–7.2 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 80.0% | 77.7–82.3 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 82.2% | 79.7–84.5 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 90.1% | 88.8–91.3 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 73.2% | 70.1–76.9 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 61.3% | 58.8–64.7 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 79.2% | 74.5–84.5 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 16.1% | 13.9–18.6 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 14.5% | 12.3–17.2 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 26.3% | 22.5–30.4 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 38.6% | 34.1–44.3 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 18.4% | 15.9–21.3 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 16.0% | 14.3–17.8 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 14.9% | 13.2–16.8 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 12.7% | 11.2–14.6 |
| Any disability among adults | 29.3% | 25.7–33.2 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 7.4% | 6.6–8.3 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 8.3% | 7.3–9.5 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 15.1% | 13.1–17.4 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 4.1% | 3.6–4.7 |
| Vision disability among adults | 4.9% | 4.4–5.6 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 23.0% | 20.0–26.5 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 13.0% | 10.8–15.7 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 12.0% | 9.9–14.5 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 10.7% | 9.1–12.6 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 7.2% | 6.2–8.3 |
| Loneliness among adults | 31.1% | 27.1–35.6 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 6.6% | 5.7–7.7 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | NY median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 10.3% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 9.5% (2.5–22.6%) n=1,734 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 8.8% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 5.0% (0.0–13.1%) n=1,734 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 6.6% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 7.1% (1.2–17.5%) n=1,743 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 28.2% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 31.8% (13.9–62.1%) n=1,743 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 8.5% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 4.4% (0.0–9.7%) n=1,730 |
| Households without a vehicle | 0.9% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 5.7% (0.0–28.9%) n=1,730 |
| Broadband subscription | 87.5% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 91.5% (81.1–98.3%) n=1,730 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 30.9% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 27.2% (14.2–45.5%) n=1,730 |
| Homeownership rate | 92.9% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 80.2% (40.9–94.8%) n=1,730 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 0.6% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 1.0% (0.0–6.6%) n=1,730 |
| Foreign-born population | 3.1% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 4.8% (0.0–28.7%) n=1,746 |
| Single-parent households | 69.3% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 54.0% (36.7–74.5%) n=1,716 |
| Population 65+ | 27.9% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 20.0% (12.0–33.2%) n=1,746 |
| Median age | 53.2 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 43.5 yr (34.6–56.1) n=1,733 |
| Median household income | $65,321 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $81,837 ($55,470–$145,610) n=1,626 |
| Median home value | $174,800 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $247,700 ($121,180–$801,380) n=1,629 |
| Median gross rent | — | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $1,162 ($782–$2,359) n=1,367 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | NY median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 83.3 yr ± 1.53 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 80.9 yr (78.0–84.5) n=1,692 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 1.53 years of 83.3, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured