ZIP code
98028
in Kenmore, WashingtonPopulation 23,741
67.12/ 100
Ranked #1,256 of 32,066 US ZIPs (top 4.0%)
Ranked #37 of 581 Washington ZIPs (top 6.4%)
Ranked #36 of 166 Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA ZIPs (top 22%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Lead in tap water
36 ppb
in the top 0.3% nationally
Lower is healthier
US99thDefinition & source ›
The lead level at the 90th percentile of tap-water samples reported by the public water systems serving this ZIP, in parts per billion — the EPA requires action above 15 ppb.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Obesity
23%
in the bottom 3.0% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST7thUS3rdDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults with obesity, defined as a body-mass index of 30 or higher.
Full methodology ›Median household income
$139,764
in the top 5.2% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST92ndUS95thDefinition & source ›
The middle household income in this ZIP — half of households earn more, half earn less — in dollars per year.
Full methodology ›Mobility disability
7.4%
in the bottom 2.3% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST8thUS2ndDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults with serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs.
Full methodology ›Short sleep
28%
in the bottom 3.1% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST13thUS3rdDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who usually sleep less than seven hours in a 24-hour period.
Full methodology ›Humid extreme heat
6.7 days/year
in the bottom 4.3% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST32ndUS4thDefinition & source ›
The average number of days per year when modeled heat stress — temperature, humidity, sun, and wind combined — reaches levels hard on the body outdoors.
Full methodology ›Air-toxics cancer risk
40 per million
in the top 4.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST96thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The EPA’s modeled estimate of added lifetime cancer risk from breathing outdoor air toxics, in cases per million people exposed over a lifetime.
Full methodology ›Diabetes
7.2%
in the bottom 2.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST9thUS3rdDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who have been diagnosed with diabetes.
Full methodology ›Energy-cost burden
1.2%
in the bottom 1.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST12thUS2ndDefinition & source ›
The modeled share of household income spent on home energy bills — electricity, gas, and heating fuels.
A modeled share of household income spent on home energy. Estimates that hit the model’s 100% ceiling are suppressed rather than published, because at that point the figure reflects the model’s limit rather than a measured burden.
Full methodology ›Coronary heart disease
4.2%
in the bottom 4.1% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST10thUS4thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who have been told by a health professional that they have coronary heart disease or angina.
Full methodology ›The read
By the composite measure, Kenmore, Washington (ZIP 98028) sits in the top 4.0% healthiest ZIPs nationally (1,256th) and the top 6.4% of Washington (37th).
The readings split fairly evenly between strengths and concerns: modeled obesity settles in the bottom 3.0% nationally, household income stands in the top 5.2% nationally, and modeled mobility disability is in the bottom 2.3% nationally. Modeled short sleep rests in the bottom 3.1% nationally, humid heat sits in the bottom 4.3% nationally, and diabetes registers in the bottom 2.6% nationally. Modeled energy burden lands in the bottom 1.8% nationally, and coronary heart disease resides in the bottom 4.1% nationally. Working the other way, lead in tap water lies in the top 0.3% nationally, and modeled air-toxics cancer risk settles in the top 4.5% nationally.
Compared with the ZIPs that surround it, park land runs far higher than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. In plain language, lead in tap water is the EPA trigger, 15 parts per billion in tap samples, above which a water system must act on lead. Air-toxics cancer risk is a modeled EPA estimate of added lifetime cancer risk from breathing outdoor air, per million people. Humid heat is a modeled heat-stress measure combining temperature, humidity, sun, and wind to gauge heat on the body outdoors. ZIP 98011, just across the boundary, ranks healthier overall.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 95%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 93%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 97%
11%
Disability
healthier than 96%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 94%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 71%
5%
About typical
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 41%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 49%
13%
Mental Health
healthier than 59%
8%
Nothing measured is holding this score back.
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 87%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 82%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 77%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 87%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 81%
8%
Disability
healthier than 89%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 71%
5%
About typical
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 41%
14%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 56%
5%
Nothing measured is holding this score back.
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 72%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 61%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 78%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 82%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 75%
8%
Disability
healthier than 74%
7%
About typical
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 45%
14%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 58%
5%
Holding it back
Healthcare Access
healthier than 36%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
2 of our published findings list this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Heavy environment, light chronic burden
Where the environment and chronic illness point in opposite directions
Environmental-hazard standing 41.5; chronic-disease standing 95.3 (top 10%) — 54 points apart, heavier on the environment than it is on chronic illness.
Ranked #14,782 of the 18,187 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by the gap from cleanest environment to heaviest chronic burden, highest first.
Highest-risk tenth
Air toxics and the years between the two ends of the risk scale
Modeled air-toxics cancer risk is 40.0 cases per million — among the tenth of compared ZIP codes with the most. Estimated life expectancy is 81.7 ± 1.3 years.
Ranked #504 of the 4,173 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by modeled air-toxics risk, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
98011
Washingtonshares a border
Score 68.03
Closest healthier
98034
Washingtonshares a border
Score 68.21
Similar health profile
98027
Washington99% similar profile
Score 69.47
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 21.2% | 19.9–22.6 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 27.3% | 25.7–29.0 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 7.8% | 7.2–8.3 |
| Current asthma among adults | 10.0% | 9.3–10.9 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 4.2% | 3.9–4.6 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 3.7% | 3.3–4.2 |
| Depression among adults | 24.8% | 23.1–26.7 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 7.2% | 6.5–7.9 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 35.0% | 33.2–36.9 |
| Obesity among adults | 23.0% | 20.9–25.3 |
| Stroke among adults | 2.4% | 2.2–2.6 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 5.3% | 4.5–6.2 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 5.9% | 5.1–6.7 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 68.9% | 66.7–71.0 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 70.9% | 68.9–72.9 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 87.0% | 85.9–88.2 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 68.4% | 66.2–70.5 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 74.5% | 72.9–76.2 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 78.5% | 75.4–81.4 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 17.7% | 16.2–19.2 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 7.2% | 6.3–8.2 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 12.9% | 11.6–14.4 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 28.0% | 25.9–30.1 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 11.9% | 10.9–13.1 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 14.6% | 13.5–15.9 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 10.0% | 9.2–10.9 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 10.7% | 9.8–11.8 |
| Any disability among adults | 20.8% | 19.2–22.5 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 4.8% | 4.4–5.3 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 5.1% | 4.6–5.7 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 7.4% | 6.7–8.3 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 2.4% | 2.1–2.6 |
| Vision disability among adults | 3.1% | 2.8–3.4 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | WA median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 5.7% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 9.6% (3.5–22.3%) n=583 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 6.1% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 8.2% (1.8–22.7%) n=582 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 3.6% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 7.0% (1.5–16.5%) n=588 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 61.8% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 27.4% (12.3–59.7%) n=588 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 3.8% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 4.5% (0.0–9.7%) n=584 |
| Households without a vehicle | 8.6% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.7% (0.0–10.2%) n=580 |
| Broadband subscription | 96.0% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 92.7% (81.1–97.4%) n=580 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 32.2% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 28.9% (14.6–40.6%) n=580 |
| Homeownership rate | 69.3% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 75.2% (48.2–91.7%) n=580 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 1.9% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 2.6% (0.0–7.9%) n=580 |
| Foreign-born population | 21.9% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 6.7% (0.3–27.6%) n=588 |
| Single-parent households | 48.4% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 54.3% (40.5–76.0%) n=574 |
| Population 65+ | 17.2% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 18.9% (10.3–36.9%) n=588 |
| Median age | 39.1 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 41.0 yr (32.9–58.8) n=584 |
| Median household income | $139,764 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $84,646 ($56,217–$132,145) n=547 |
| Median home value | $920,800 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $452,750 ($241,540–$826,380) n=542 |
| Median gross rent | $1,949 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $1,416 ($840–$2,197) n=476 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | WA median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 81.7 yr ± 0.68 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 80.2 yr (77.3–83.1) n=584 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.68 years of 81.7, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured