ZIP code
89431
in Sparks, NevadaPopulation 39,833
41.52/ 100
Ranked #25,643 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 20%)
Ranked #121 of 166 Nevada ZIPs (bottom 27%)
Ranked #26 of 32 Reno, NV ZIPs (bottom 19%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Fine-particle (PM2.5) exceedance
6.0%
in the top 0.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST78thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The share of days in the year when modeled fine-particle (PM2.5) pollution was above the EPA’s daily limit of 35 micrograms per cubic meter.
Full methodology ›Industrial-pollution burden
in the top 0.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST96thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The EPA’s modeled screening score for industrial chemical releases, weighting the amounts released by their toxicity and how many people live nearby — a relative comparison score, not a measured exposure.
Full methodology ›Expected annual disaster loss
$1
in the top 1.2% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS99thDefinition & source ›
FEMA’s modeled estimate, in dollars per year, of the average harm to people expected from natural hazards — an annualized average, not a forecast for any single year.
Full methodology ›Loneliness
41.2%
in the top 2.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST95thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who report feeling lonely.
Full methodology ›Uninsured (under 65)
19.8%
in the top 4.7% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST90thUS95thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults aged 18–64 with no current health-insurance coverage.
Full methodology ›Subsidized affordable housing
670 units
in the top 3.0% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST90thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The number of affordable rental units in this ZIP supported by the federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program.
Full methodology ›Transit access
6.2 per 1,000 residents
in the top 3.3% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST97thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The number of public-transit stops inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Lead in tap water
0 ppb
at the national minimum
Lower is healthier
US1stDefinition & source ›
The lead level at the 90th percentile of tap-water samples reported by the public water systems serving this ZIP, in parts per billion — the EPA requires action above 15 ppb.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›PFOA in drinking water
98.3%
in the top 4.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS95thDefinition & source ›
The share of residents served by public water systems where PFOA, one of the man-made “forever chemicals,” was detected in EPA testing.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Mammography
66.9%
in the bottom 5.3% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST16thUS5thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of women aged 50–74 who had a mammogram within the past two years.
Full methodology ›The read
By the composite measure, ZIP 89431, one of several in Sparks, Nevada sits in the bottom 20% nationally (25,643rd) and the bottom 27% of Nevada (121st).
What the numbers press hardest on defines much of the story here: modeled fine-particle resides in the top 0.8% nationally, industrial-pollution burden lies in the top 0.8% nationally, and expected annual loss settles in the top 1.2% nationally. Modeled loneliness stands in the top 2.6% nationally, modeled uninsured is in the top 4.7% nationally, and PFOA in drinking water rests in the top 4.6% nationally. Modeled mammography sits in the bottom 5.3% nationally. On the encouraging side, subsidized affordable housing registers in the top 3.0% nationally, and transit lands in the top 3.3% nationally. Lead in tap water resides at the national minimum.
Compared with the ZIPs that surround it, industrial-pollution burden runs far higher than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. In plain language, fine-particle is fine airborne particles about one-thirtieth the width of a hair, counted on modeled days above the EPA standard. Industrial-pollution burden is the EPA's modeled screening score weighting industrial chemical releases by their toxicity and how many people live nearby. Expected annual loss is FEMA's modeled estimate, in dollars, of average yearly harm to people from natural hazards. ZIP 89434, just across the boundary, ranks healthier overall.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Reno, NV metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 72%
21%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 91%
5%
Holding it back
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 33%
16%
Environmental Hazard
in the bottom 1.0%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 4%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 14%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 32%
8%
Disability
healthier than 28%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 36%
5%
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 64%
21%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 91%
5%
Holding it back
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 34%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 2%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 13%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 17%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 23%
8%
Disability
healthier than 36%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 39%
5%
Lifting this score
Healthcare Access
healthier than 94%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 58%
21%
Holding it back
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 19%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 6%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 10%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 10%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 16%
8%
Disability
healthier than 32%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
in the bottom 0.00%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
3 of our published findings list this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 75.9 ± 1.0 years. A median household income of $66,592 predicts 78.5 years — 2.6 years below.
Ranked #3,582 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Below its nearby ZIPs
The ZIP codes that outlive their neighbors
Estimated life expectancy is 75.9 ± 1.0 years. The 40 nearest ZIP codes with estimates average 79.5 years — 3.6 years below them.
Ranked #2,800 of the 3,687 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above the nearby-ZIP average, highest first.
Heavy environment, light chronic burden
Where the environment and chronic illness point in opposite directions
Environmental-hazard standing 1.0 (bottom 1%); chronic-disease standing 72.3 — 71 points apart, heavier on the environment than it is on chronic illness.
Ranked #16,509 of the 18,187 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by the gap from cleanest environment to heaviest chronic burden, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
89433
Nevadashares a border
Score 38.46
Closest healthier
89434
Nevadashares a border
Score 54.05
Similar health profile
67203
Kansas97% similar profile
Score 43.37
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 23.9% | 21.5–26.4 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 29.6% | 26.7–32.7 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 6.4% | 5.8–7.0 |
| Current asthma among adults | 10.8% | 9.6–12.1 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 6.2% | 5.6–6.8 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 7.6% | 6.9–8.5 |
| Depression among adults | 21.6% | 18.7–24.8 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 11.5% | 10.0–13.0 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 36.0% | 32.7–39.4 |
| Obesity among adults | 31.6% | 26.8–36.5 |
| Stroke among adults | 3.5% | 3.2–3.8 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 18.2% | 15.3–21.5 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 19.8% | 17.3–22.3 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 69.0% | 65.7–72.1 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 71.7% | 67.8–75.3 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 80.2% | 77.8–82.4 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 57.7% | 53.3–62.2 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 51.5% | 47.9–55.2 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 66.9% | 60.0–73.6 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 18.1% | 15.4–21.0 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 15.9% | 13.9–17.9 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 28.1% | 24.5–31.9 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 41.1% | 36.6–45.9 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 27.5% | 24.9–30.3 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 20.0% | 18.0–22.2 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 16.5% | 14.8–18.3 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 19.2% | 17.4–21.2 |
| Any disability among adults | 36.2% | 32.7–39.9 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 7.6% | 6.8–8.5 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 10.1% | 9.2–11.1 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 15.7% | 14.0–17.5 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 4.7% | 4.3–5.1 |
| Vision disability among adults | 7.3% | 6.7–7.9 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 29.3% | 26.0–33.1 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 24.3% | 21.8–27.1 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 19.4% | 17.0–22.1 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 19.5% | 17.4–21.9 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 12.6% | 11.4–14.1 |
| Loneliness among adults | 41.2% | 37.2–45.6 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 11.6% | 10.2–13.1 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | NV median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 13.3% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 9.8% (2.1–25.8%) n=166 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 23.3% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 10.6% (0.0–26.0%) n=161 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 22.9% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 8.0% (0.0–23.5%) n=168 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 15.4% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 21.7% (9.3–50.7%) n=168 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 6.1% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 5.5% (0.0–10.7%) n=161 |
| Households without a vehicle | 7.4% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.3% (0.0–13.0%) n=166 |
| Broadband subscription | 87.1% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 92.5% (79.1–99.1%) n=166 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 34.4% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 31.4% (14.3–48.2%) n=166 |
| Homeownership rate | 45.5% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 71.1% (45.6–94.0%) n=166 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 9.5% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 2.3% (0.0–9.2%) n=166 |
| Foreign-born population | 23.6% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 9.7% (0.0–27.7%) n=168 |
| Single-parent households | 41.0% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 51.7% (35.9–85.2%) n=162 |
| Population 65+ | 12.7% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 19.0% (9.9–41.6%) n=168 |
| Median age | 35.6 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 41.5 yr (33.1–60.7) n=165 |
| Median household income | $66,592 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $78,357 ($48,420–$121,701) n=147 |
| Median home value | $365,100 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $407,300 ($143,940–$672,620) n=147 |
| Median gross rent | $1,348 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $1,442 ($837–$2,102) n=125 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | NV median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 75.9 yr ± 0.50 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 78.6 yr (75.4–82.3) n=151 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.50 years of 75.9, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured