ZIP code
78946
in Ledbetter, TexasPopulation 1,117
46.27/ 100
Ranked #21,022 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 34%)
Ranked #837 of 1,868 Texas ZIPs (top 45%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
PFAS in drinking water
5.4%
in the bottom 1.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST1stUS1stDefinition & source ›
The modeled probability that PFAS “forever chemicals” would be detected in untreated groundwater in this area, the source private wells draw on.
A modeled likelihood for untreated groundwater, the source drawn on by private wells, which are federally unregulated. It is not a measurement of treated water delivered by a public system, and it is not a test of any individual well.
Full methodology ›Crowded housing
16.2%
in the top 1.9% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS98thDefinition & source ›
The share of occupied homes with more than one person per room, the Census definition of crowded housing.
Full methodology ›Fatal road crashes
53.7 per 100,000 residents per year
in the top 3.2% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST93rdUS97thDefinition & source ›
The annual rate of fatal road crashes per 100,000 residents, pooled over a ten-year window.
A rate per resident population. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the rate to be reliable — about 30% of US ZIPs — no value is published rather than an unstable one; those ZIPs are absent from this comparison, not counted as crash-free.
Full methodology ›Housing-cost burden
4.6%
in the bottom 4.9% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST7thUS5thDefinition & source ›
The share of households spending 30% or more of their income on housing.
Full methodology ›Dry extreme heat
78.4 days/year
in the top 5.2% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST48thUS95thDefinition & source ›
The average number of days per year with a modeled daily high of at least 95 °F.
Full methodology ›Humid extreme heat
145.6 days/year
in the top 5.9% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST64thUS94thDefinition & source ›
The average number of days per year when modeled heat stress — temperature, humidity, sun, and wind combined — reaches levels hard on the body outdoors.
Full methodology ›Homeownership rate
95.9%
in the top 7.5% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST93rdUS93rdDefinition & source ›
The share of occupied homes that are owned, rather than rented, by the people living in them.
Full methodology ›Radon
0.7 pCi/L
in the bottom 3.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST24thUS4thDefinition & source ›
The modeled typical indoor radon level for this area, in picocuries per liter — the EPA recommends fixing a home at 4 pCi/L or above.
Modeled from indoor-radon measurements. In Alaska and Hawaii, where those measurements are not published, a US Geological Survey geologic radon-potential category stands in — a coarser input, disclosed rather than hidden.
Full methodology ›The read
By the composite measure, Ledbetter, Texas (ZIP 78946) sits in the bottom 34% nationally (21,022nd) and the top 45% of Texas (837th).
What the numbers press hardest on defines much of the story here: crowded housing lies in the top 1.9% nationally, fatal road crashes settles in the top 3.2% nationally, and modeled extreme heat stands in the top 5.2% nationally. Modeled humid heat is in the top 5.9% nationally. On the encouraging side, modeled pfas rests in the bottom 1.5% nationally, and housing-cost burden sits in the bottom 4.9% nationally. Unemployment registers at the national minimum, shared with about 15% of ZIPs. Homeownership lands in the top 7.5% nationally. Households without a vehicle resides at the national minimum, shared with about 16% of ZIPs. Modeled radon lies in the bottom 3.6% nationally.
In plain language, pfas is the man-made "forever chemicals" that build up in the body and environment instead of breaking down; here a modeled estimate of the chance a private well contains them. Radon is a radioactive soil gas the EPA identifies as the top cause of lung cancer in nonsmokers. Extreme heat is a modeled count of days a year reaching a dangerously high temperature, a leading weather hazard. ZIP 77835, just across the boundary, ranks healthier overall.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 96%
14%
Mental Health
healthier than 66%
8%
About typical
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 54%
16%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 26%
21%
Preventive Care
healthier than 32%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 36%
11%
Disability
healthier than 30%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 6%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 32%
5%
Lifting this score
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 95%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 77%
13%
Mental Health
healthier than 73%
8%
About typical
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 52%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 53%
11%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 14%
21%
Disability
healthier than 37%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 29%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 31%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
One of our published findings lists this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Clean environment, heavy chronic burden
Where the environment and chronic illness point in opposite directions
Environmental-hazard standing 96.1 (top 10%); chronic-disease standing 26.3 — 70 points apart, cleaner on the environment than it is on chronic illness.
Ranked #1,083 of the 18,187 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by the gap from cleanest environment to heaviest chronic burden, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
77835
Texasshares a border
Score 54.96
Closest healthier
77879
Texasshares a border
Score 47.05
Similar health profile
32666
Florida98% similar profile
Score 45.45
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 31.2% | 28.7–33.9 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 43.5% | 40.4–46.8 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 9.7% | 9.0–10.5 |
| Current asthma among adults | 10.2% | 9.3–11.2 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 8.7% | 7.9–9.6 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 9.0% | 7.9–10.2 |
| Depression among adults | 21.4% | 19.1–24.0 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 15.9% | 14.4–17.6 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 41.5% | 38.4–45.0 |
| Obesity among adults | 38.6% | 33.1–45.2 |
| Stroke among adults | 4.7% | 4.3–5.1 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 15.2% | 13.2–17.5 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 14.8% | 12.9–16.7 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 81.2% | 79.3–83.2 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 78.3% | 76.0–80.8 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 88.4% | 87.2–89.5 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 64.2% | 60.6–67.6 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 53.0% | 50.3–55.7 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 72.7% | 67.4–77.8 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 14.8% | 13.1–16.9 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 15.0% | 13.2–17.1 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 29.6% | 26.1–33.5 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 39.3% | 34.6–44.3 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 24.1% | 21.7–26.9 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 16.2% | 14.7–17.8 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 15.6% | 14.1–17.2 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 14.6% | 13.2–16.2 |
| Any disability among adults | 35.7% | 32.4–39.4 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 9.0% | 8.2–10.0 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 9.4% | 8.4–10.5 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 18.9% | 17.0–21.1 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 5.0% | 4.5–5.6 |
| Vision disability among adults | 6.4% | 5.8–7.0 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | TX median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 7.0% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 12.4% (3.5–26.4%) n=1,869 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 29.3% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 22.3% (8.2–41.5%) n=1,862 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 5.1% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 12.2% (2.5–30.0%) n=1,881 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 20.3% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 21.9% (9.0–51.4%) n=1,881 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 0.0% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 4.2% (0.0–9.4%) n=1,865 |
| Households without a vehicle | 0.0% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.7% (0.0–10.8%) n=1,868 |
| Broadband subscription | 87.1% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 89.2% (75.0–97.3%) n=1,868 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 4.6% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 26.2% (8.8–40.3%) n=1,868 |
| Homeownership rate | 95.9% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 75.0% (46.4–92.3%) n=1,868 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 16.2% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 3.1% (0.0–9.0%) n=1,868 |
| Foreign-born population | 2.2% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 8.1% (0.1–26.4%) n=1,886 |
| Single-parent households | 47.0% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 48.5% (34.3–70.6%) n=1,861 |
| Population 65+ | 25.3% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 16.1% (8.6–30.1%) n=1,886 |
| Median age | 37.9 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 38.3 yr (30.9–52.3) n=1,866 |
| Median household income | $65,221 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $69,983 ($46,006–$112,413) n=1,737 |
| Median home value | $315,800 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $210,500 ($97,060–$429,760) n=1,693 |
| Median gross rent | — | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $1,154 ($764–$1,815) n=1,508 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | TX median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 78.4 yr ± 1.08 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 78.2 yr (75.1–81.7) n=1,772 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 1.08 years of 78.4, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured