ZIP code
54928
in Caroline, WisconsinPopulation 524
54.07/ 100
Ranked #10,612 of 32,066 US ZIPs (top 33%)
Ranked #359 of 763 Wisconsin ZIPs (top 47%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Recreation access
2.4 per 1,000 residents
in the top 1.0% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST99thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The number of places for physical recreation — gyms, sports, and fitness venues — inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Natural-disaster risk
in the bottom 7.4% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST9thUS7thDefinition & source ›
This area’s national rank on its single highest non-flood natural hazard — such as wildfire, tornado, or earthquake — in FEMA’s modeled National Risk Index; flooding is shown separately.
Full methodology ›Distance to a community health center
19.2 mi
in the top 8.7% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST96thUS91stDefinition & source ›
The distance in miles from this ZIP’s edge to the nearest federally funded community health center, which serves patients regardless of ability to pay.
Full methodology ›Homeownership rate
94.7%
in the top 9.1% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST94thUS91stDefinition & source ›
The share of occupied homes that are owned, rather than rented, by the people living in them.
Full methodology ›Radon
2.9 pCi/L
in the top 11.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST90thUS89thDefinition & source ›
The modeled typical indoor radon level for this area, in picocuries per liter — the EPA recommends fixing a home at 4 pCi/L or above.
Modeled from indoor-radon measurements. In Alaska and Hawaii, where those measurements are not published, a US Geological Survey geologic radon-potential category stands in — a coarser input, disclosed rather than hidden.
Full methodology ›Utility shut-off threat
4.7%
in the bottom 9.7% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST33rdUS10thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults whose household was threatened with a utility shut-off in the past 12 months.
Full methodology ›Transportation noise
0.47%
in the bottom 14.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST9thUS15thDefinition & source ›
The modeled share of residents exposed to average road, rail, and aviation noise at or above 55 decibels — a noticeable background presence.
Full methodology ›Distance to a Superfund site
38.2 mi
in the top 20% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST91stUS80thDefinition & source ›
The distance in miles from this ZIP’s edge to the nearest Superfund site — an abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous-waste site the EPA has listed for cleanup.
Full methodology ›The read
By the composite measure, Caroline, Wisconsin (ZIP 54928) sits in the top 33% healthiest ZIPs nationally (10,612th) and the top 47% of Wisconsin (359th).
The profile cuts both ways, and the readings bear that out: recreation lies in the top 1.0% nationally. Unemployment settles at the national minimum, shared with about 15% of ZIPs. Modeled disaster risk stands in the bottom 7.4% nationally, and homeownership is in the top 9.1% nationally. Modeled utility shutoff rests in the bottom 9.7% nationally, and distance to a hazardous-chemical facility sits in the top 10.4% nationally. Working the other way, distance to a community health center registers in the top 8.7% nationally. Fiber broadband lands at the national minimum, shared with about 19% of ZIPs. Modeled radon resides in the top 11.5% nationally, and binge drinking lies in the top 11.2% nationally.
In plain language, disaster risk is the area's national rank on its highest non-flood peril in FEMA's modeled Risk Index, like wildfire or quake. Radon is a radioactive soil gas the EPA identifies as the top cause of lung cancer in nonsmokers. Distance to a hazardous-chemical facility is a plant handling large amounts of hazardous chemicals that must file an EPA risk-management plan for accidental releases. ZIP 54473, about 14 miles away, ranks healthier overall.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Preventive Care
healthier than 76%
13%
Mental Health
healthier than 73%
8%
Disability
healthier than 65%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 86%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 55%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 52%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 51%
14%
Holding it back
Risk Behavior
healthier than 38%
11%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 7%
5%
Lifting this score
Mental Health
healthier than 79%
8%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 81%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 47%
21%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 44%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 51%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 47%
11%
Disability
healthier than 54%
7%
Holding it back
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 35%
16%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 3%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
54486
Wisconsinshares a border
Score 47.77
Closest healthier
54473
Wisconsinabout 14 mi away
Score 56.16
Similar health profile
12418
New York98% similar profile
Score 55.39
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 29.8% | 26.5–33.1 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 34.4% | 30.6–38.3 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 9.9% | 8.9–10.9 |
| Current asthma among adults | 10.6% | 9.4–11.9 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 7.4% | 6.6–8.4 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 7.5% | 6.2–8.8 |
| Depression among adults | 21.6% | 18.4–25.0 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 11.6% | 9.9–13.3 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 36.6% | 32.4–40.7 |
| Obesity among adults | 38.6% | 31.8–45.5 |
| Stroke among adults | 3.7% | 3.3–4.1 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 11.1% | 9.2–13.3 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 7.1% | 5.5–9.1 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 80.3% | 77.4–82.9 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 78.9% | 75.3–82.1 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 86.6% | 84.6–88.6 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 69.9% | 65.8–74.0 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 67.4% | 64.3–70.5 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 77.2% | 70.7–83.3 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 19.0% | 15.8–22.3 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 15.2% | 12.3–18.1 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 27.3% | 22.6–32.1 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 33.3% | 28.1–39.0 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 17.8% | 14.9–20.9 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 15.2% | 13.3–17.3 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 13.5% | 11.6–15.4 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 12.8% | 11.0–14.8 |
| Any disability among adults | 29.3% | 25.1–33.7 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 7.9% | 6.9–8.8 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 7.9% | 6.7–9.2 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 14.1% | 11.8–16.4 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 3.6% | 3.1–4.1 |
| Vision disability among adults | 4.3% | 3.7–4.9 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 19.6% | 16.4–23.1 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 10.3% | 8.0–12.7 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 11.0% | 8.5–13.6 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 8.1% | 6.4–9.7 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 5.9% | 4.9–7.0 |
| Loneliness among adults | 30.2% | 25.5–34.9 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 4.7% | 3.9–5.6 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | WI median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 4.4% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 8.5% (3.6–16.0%) n=765 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 9.6% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 6.7% (2.4–14.9%) n=764 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 10.7% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 5.9% (2.3–12.6%) n=768 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 16.3% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 23.5% (12.7–44.0%) n=768 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 0.0% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 2.6% (0.9–5.6%) n=763 |
| Households without a vehicle | 6.5% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.6% (0.8–9.0%) n=764 |
| Broadband subscription | 81.1% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 88.8% (80.0–94.8%) n=764 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 20.7% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 21.8% (14.7–29.1%) n=764 |
| Homeownership rate | 94.7% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 81.3% (62.1–91.8%) n=764 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 1.8% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 1.1% (0.0–3.7%) n=764 |
| Foreign-born population | 0.0% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 1.9% (0.3–6.8%) n=768 |
| Single-parent households | 51.5% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 59.0% (47.7–72.8%) n=762 |
| Population 65+ | 17.9% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 20.4% (13.9–32.2%) n=768 |
| Median age | 33.4 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 44.2 yr (36.2–56.1) n=765 |
| Median household income | $73,355 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $75,147 ($57,542–$101,625) n=755 |
| Median home value | $236,400 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $231,900 ($160,140–$367,300) n=755 |
| Median gross rent | — | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $914 ($696–$1,261) n=706 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | WI median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 79.4 yr ± 1.64 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 80.4 yr (77.7–83.6) n=712 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 1.64 years of 79.4, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured