ZIP code
28451
in Leland, North CarolinaPopulation 46,933
55.52/ 100
Ranked #8,836 of 32,066 US ZIPs (top 28%)
Ranked #201 of 793 North Carolina ZIPs (top 25%)
Ranked #15 of 28 Wilmington, NC ZIPs (bottom 46%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Distance to a Superfund site
In this ZIP
at the national minimum
Higher is healthier
ST1stUS1stDefinition & source ›
The distance in miles from this ZIP’s edge to the nearest Superfund site — an abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous-waste site the EPA has listed for cleanup.
Full methodology ›Natural-disaster risk
in the top 3.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST97thUS96thDefinition & source ›
This area’s national rank on its single highest non-flood natural hazard — such as wildfire, tornado, or earthquake — in FEMA’s modeled National Risk Index; flooding is shown separately.
Full methodology ›Expected annual disaster loss
$0
in the top 6.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS94thDefinition & source ›
FEMA’s modeled estimate, in dollars per year, of the average harm to people expected from natural hazards — an annualized average, not a forecast for any single year.
Full methodology ›Colon-cancer screening
74%
in the top 4.8% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST95thUS95thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults aged 45–75 who are up to date on colorectal-cancer screening.
Full methodology ›Mammography
81.5%
in the top 5.2% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST95thUS95thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of women aged 50–74 who had a mammogram within the past two years.
Full methodology ›Slow internet speeds
1.4%
in the top 8.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST96thUS92ndDefinition & source ›
The share of homes whose fastest available download speed is under 10 Mbps.
Full methodology ›Radon
0.6 pCi/L
in the bottom 0.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST1stUS1stDefinition & source ›
The modeled typical indoor radon level for this area, in picocuries per liter — the EPA recommends fixing a home at 4 pCi/L or above.
Modeled from indoor-radon measurements. In Alaska and Hawaii, where those measurements are not published, a US Geological Survey geologic radon-potential category stands in — a coarser input, disclosed rather than hidden.
Full methodology ›Floodplain exposure
32.3%
in the top 9.0% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST88thUS91stDefinition & source ›
The share of this ZIP’s land area inside FEMA’s 1%-annual-chance floodplain — the “100-year” flood zone, where flooding has about a 1-in-100 chance in any given year.
Measured from FEMA’s mapped flood panels. Where a panel has not been mapped, no value is published for that ZIP — those ZIPs are absent from this comparison rather than counted as unexposed.
Full methodology ›The read
In its overall standing, Leland, North Carolina (ZIP 28451) lands in the top 28% healthiest ZIPs nationally (8,836th) and the top 25% of North Carolina (201st).
Reading the numbers as a whole, the picture lands somewhere in between: modeled colon screening lands in the top 4.8% nationally, mammography lies in the top 5.2% nationally, and radon stands in the bottom 0.6% nationally. Mental-health providers rests in the top 13.8% nationally. On the other side, distance to a Superfund site registers at the national minimum, and modeled disaster risk resides in the top 3.8% nationally. Modeled expected annual loss settles in the top 6.5% nationally, and slow internet speeds is in the top 8.5% nationally. Floodplain exposure sits in the top 9.0% nationally, and modeled pfas lands in the top 11.1% nationally.
Put simply, distance to a Superfund site is an abandoned or uncontrolled hazardous-waste site the EPA has identified for cleanup. Disaster risk is the area's national rank on its highest non-flood peril in FEMA's modeled Risk Index, like wildfire or quake. Expected annual loss is FEMA's modeled estimate, in dollars, of average yearly harm to people from natural hazards. On the overall standing, ZIP 28479, just across the boundary, ranks healthier.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Wilmington, NC metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 79%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 93%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 80%
11%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 72%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 49%
21%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 42%
14%
Mental Health
healthier than 57%
8%
Disability
healthier than 58%
7%
Holding it back
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 16%
5%
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 63%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 78%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 92%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 75%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 81%
8%
Disability
healthier than 73%
7%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 68%
5%
Holding it back
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 25%
14%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 11%
5%
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 62%
21%
Preventive Care
healthier than 62%
13%
Mental Health
healthier than 62%
8%
About typical
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 50%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 58%
11%
Disability
healthier than 58%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 46%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 54%
5%
Holding it back
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 19%
14%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
One of our published findings lists this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 76.7 ± 1.1 years. A median household income of $81,481 predicts 79.3 years — 2.6 years below.
Ranked #3,582 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
28401
North Carolinashares a border
Score 42.62
Closest healthier
28479
North Carolinashares a border
Score 60.85
Similar health profile
01930
Massachusetts97% similar profile
Score 55.34
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 31.8% | 28.2–35.5 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 38.4% | 34.0–42.7 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 10.3% | 9.3–11.4 |
| Current asthma among adults | 10.7% | 9.4–12.2 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 7.4% | 6.6–8.3 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 7.6% | 6.7–8.5 |
| Depression among adults | 24.1% | 20.5–28.0 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 12.4% | 10.7–14.3 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 39.1% | 34.6–43.7 |
| Obesity among adults | 33.8% | 26.8–41.3 |
| Stroke among adults | 3.9% | 3.5–4.2 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 10.8% | 8.7–13.2 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 9.4% | 8.1–10.7 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 80.4% | 77.4–83.1 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 82.6% | 79.3–85.5 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 89.8% | 88.3–91.1 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 74.0% | 69.3–78.1 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 66.7% | 63.1–70.0 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 81.5% | 74.7–86.8 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 14.1% | 11.4–17.1 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 13.1% | 11.2–15.2 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 22.2% | 18.4–26.2 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 34.4% | 28.4–40.6 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 17.8% | 15.5–20.2 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 15.3% | 13.5–17.2 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 12.8% | 11.2–14.5 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 13.6% | 12.0–15.3 |
| Any disability among adults | 31.8% | 27.7–36.1 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 8.1% | 7.1–9.1 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 7.7% | 6.9–8.6 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 14.5% | 12.6–16.5 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 3.8% | 3.5–4.2 |
| Vision disability among adults | 4.9% | 4.4–5.3 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 20.2% | 17.0–23.4 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 12.4% | 10.6–14.2 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 10.1% | 8.6–11.6 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 10.0% | 8.6–11.4 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 6.9% | 6.1–7.8 |
| Loneliness among adults | 29.9% | 25.2–34.7 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 6.7% | 5.9–7.7 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | NC median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 9.4% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 13.0% (4.4–25.0%) n=793 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 11.4% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 14.5% (5.7–24.9%) n=794 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 6.9% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 10.4% (3.1–19.8%) n=798 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 36.0% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 22.8% (10.7–53.4%) n=798 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 4.6% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 4.2% (0.0–9.1%) n=796 |
| Households without a vehicle | 2.2% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.9% (0.0–10.2%) n=793 |
| Broadband subscription | 94.4% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 87.6% (76.2–96.3%) n=793 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 27.4% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 24.7% (14.1–36.5%) n=793 |
| Homeownership rate | 82.0% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 75.0% (52.7–89.7%) n=793 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 2.0% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 1.4% (0.0–4.5%) n=793 |
| Foreign-born population | 5.2% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 4.2% (0.0–12.9%) n=799 |
| Single-parent households | 57.6% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 51.8% (39.2–70.1%) n=790 |
| Population 65+ | 25.1% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 19.7% (11.1–31.9%) n=799 |
| Median age | 44.4 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 42.5 yr (33.3–55.7) n=797 |
| Median household income | $81,481 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $65,030 ($44,419–$97,111) n=749 |
| Median home value | $351,500 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $223,850 ($113,970–$452,990) n=758 |
| Median gross rent | $1,612 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $957 ($715–$1,575) n=687 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | NC median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 76.7 yr ± 0.57 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 77.3 yr (74.6–80.8) n=747 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.57 years of 76.7, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured