ZIP code
23510
in Norfolk, VirginiaPopulation 9,190
53.72/ 100
Ranked #11,063 of 32,066 US ZIPs (top 35%)
Ranked #312 of 873 Virginia ZIPs (top 36%)
Ranked #59 of 123 Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC ZIPs (top 48%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Civic-institution access
3.2 per 1,000 residents
in the top 0.4% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST99thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The number of civic and social organizations inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Physician access
5.2 per 1,000 residents
in the top 1.1% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST99thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The number of physicians’ offices located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Walkability
260 intersections/sq mi
in the top 1.2% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST99thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The number of street intersections per square mile — a standard street-connectivity measure; denser networks correlate with more walkable neighborhoods.
Full methodology ›Homeownership rate
17.5%
in the bottom 1.8% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST2ndUS2ndDefinition & source ›
The share of occupied homes that are owned, rather than rented, by the people living in them.
Full methodology ›Outer-floodplain exposure
19.8%
in the top 2.0% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS98thDefinition & source ›
The share of this ZIP’s land area inside FEMA’s 0.2%-annual-chance flood band — the “500-year” zone, a lower but real 1-in-500 yearly chance.
Measured from FEMA’s mapped flood panels. Where a panel has not been mapped, no value is published for that ZIP — those ZIPs are absent from this comparison rather than counted as unexposed.
Full methodology ›Outpatient-care access
0.8 per 1,000 residents
in the top 3.1% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST97thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The number of outpatient clinics located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Floodplain exposure
52.3%
in the top 3.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST97thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The share of this ZIP’s land area inside FEMA’s 1%-annual-chance floodplain — the “100-year” flood zone, where flooding has about a 1-in-100 chance in any given year.
Measured from FEMA’s mapped flood panels. Where a panel has not been mapped, no value is published for that ZIP — those ZIPs are absent from this comparison rather than counted as unexposed.
Full methodology ›Transportation noise
16.3%
in the top 3.7% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The modeled share of residents exposed to average road, rail, and aviation noise at or above 55 decibels — a noticeable background presence.
Full methodology ›Households without a vehicle
22.4%
in the top 3.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The share of households with no vehicle available.
Full methodology ›Lead in tap water
0 ppb
at the national minimum
Lower is healthier
US1stDefinition & source ›
The lead level at the 90th percentile of tap-water samples reported by the public water systems serving this ZIP, in parts per billion — the EPA requires action above 15 ppb.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Cross-source signals
Combined exposures in this ZIP
More than one environmental exposure stands out in this ZIP. Each is established independently and shown on its own above; they are grouped here for context — not because one causes the other.
This area ranks among the highest 10% of US ZIP codes for both flood exposure and the share of households without a vehicle.
See the full flooding, evacuation & humid-heat analysis →
The read
Overall, ZIP 23510, one of several in Norfolk, Virginia places in the top 35% healthiest ZIPs nationally (11,063rd) and the top 36% of Virginia (312th).
The measures land in both directions, and neither dominates: civic rests in the top 0.4% nationally, and physicians resides in the top 1.1% nationally. Walkability is in the top 1.2% nationally, and outpatient lands in the top 3.1% nationally. Lead in tap water stands at the national minimum. Pulling the other way, homeownership registers in the bottom 1.8% nationally, outer-floodplain exposure settles in the top 2.0% nationally, and floodplain exposure sits in the top 3.6% nationally. Modeled transportation noise lies in the top 3.7% nationally, and households without a vehicle rests in the top 3.8% nationally.
Beside the areas that surround it, civic runs far higher than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. For readers new to these terms, lead in tap water is the EPA trigger, 15 parts per billion in tap samples, above which a water system must act on lead. Outer-floodplain exposure is land with a lower but real 1-in-500 chance of flooding each year, nicknamed the "500-year floodplain". Floodplain exposure is land with about a 1-in-100 chance of flooding each year, nicknamed the "100-year floodplain". Among nearby ZIPs, the nearest healthier one overall is ZIP 23507, just across the boundary.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 85%
21%
Disability
healthier than 62%
7%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 94%
5%
About typical
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 51%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 45%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 49%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 48%
8%
Holding it back
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 34%
14%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 6%
5%
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 87%
21%
Disability
healthier than 69%
7%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 98%
5%
About typical
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 44%
16%
Mental Health
healthier than 53%
8%
Holding it back
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 13%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 20%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 33%
11%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 2%
5%
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 89%
21%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 98%
5%
About typical
Mental Health
healthier than 51%
8%
Disability
healthier than 56%
7%
Holding it back
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 38%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 3%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 15%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 24%
11%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 14%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
One of our published findings lists this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Heavy environment, light chronic burden
Where the environment and chronic illness point in opposite directions
Environmental-hazard standing 34.6; chronic-disease standing 85.2 — 51 points apart, heavier on the environment than it is on chronic illness.
Ranked #14,444 of the 18,187 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by the gap from cleanest environment to heaviest chronic burden, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
23504
Virginiashares a border
Score 37.28
Closest healthier
23507
Virginiashares a border
Score 65.46
Similar health profile
29410
South Carolina99% similar profile
Score 53.71
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 20.3% | 18.0–22.7 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 31.6% | 28.2–35.0 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 5.7% | 5.1–6.2 |
| Current asthma among adults | 10.7% | 9.4–12.0 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 4.7% | 4.2–5.3 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 5.5% | 4.8–6.3 |
| Depression among adults | 21.9% | 18.7–25.3 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 10.2% | 8.9–11.6 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 31.7% | 28.2–35.3 |
| Obesity among adults | 37.0% | 31.4–42.7 |
| Stroke among adults | 2.9% | 2.7–3.2 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 12.4% | 10.5–14.4 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 9.5% | 7.8–11.7 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 71.3% | 68.6–73.8 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 77.5% | 73.7–80.8 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 83.5% | 81.0–85.7 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 69.2% | 65.0–73.2 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 65.5% | 62.6–68.2 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 78.1% | 71.9–83.5 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 18.8% | 15.6–22.2 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 11.9% | 10.0–14.1 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 22.5% | 19.1–26.1 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 37.5% | 33.1–41.9 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 17.7% | 15.5–20.1 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 17.9% | 15.8–20.3 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 11.6% | 10.1–13.1 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 15.7% | 13.7–18.0 |
| Any disability among adults | 29.7% | 25.9–33.7 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 5.0% | 4.4–5.7 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 9.0% | 7.9–10.1 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 12.2% | 10.7–13.8 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 3.9% | 3.5–4.3 |
| Vision disability among adults | 5.5% | 5.0–6.1 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 22.3% | 19.0–25.9 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 17.9% | 15.4–20.5 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 17.3% | 15.2–19.5 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 14.8% | 12.7–17.1 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 11.0% | 9.5–12.5 |
| Loneliness among adults | 37.6% | 32.9–42.6 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 11.2% | 9.7–12.7 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | VA median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 20.2% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 9.2% (2.0–22.9%) n=863 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 10.7% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 8.3% (0.0–19.2%) n=861 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 8.2% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 9.2% (1.9–20.7%) n=872 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 50.4% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 26.0% (9.2–59.8%) n=872 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 5.6% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 3.2% (0.0–8.2%) n=860 |
| Households without a vehicle | 22.4% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.6% (0.0–11.3%) n=862 |
| Broadband subscription | 88.5% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 87.9% (69.5–97.9%) n=862 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 40.1% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 23.1% (10.8–38.1%) n=862 |
| Homeownership rate | 17.5% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 78.1% (52.2–95.9%) n=862 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 3.9% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 0.7% (0.0–4.0%) n=862 |
| Foreign-born population | 11.3% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 2.9% (0.0–17.0%) n=874 |
| Single-parent households | 43.3% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 54.3% (38.2–78.2%) n=855 |
| Population 65+ | 15.2% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 20.5% (10.8–37.3%) n=874 |
| Median age | 33.0 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 43.6 yr (34.0–59.2) n=864 |
| Median household income | $73,524 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $73,854 ($46,504–$141,698) n=804 |
| Median home value | $385,700 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $274,800 ($123,240–$642,380) n=789 |
| Median gross rent | $1,547 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $1,144 ($742–$2,191) n=615 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | VA median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 78.6 yr ± 1.34 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 77.6 yr (74.5–81.4) n=826 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 1.34 years of 78.6, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured