ZIP code
01109
in Springfield, MassachusettsPopulation 31,124
37.03/ 100
Ranked #28,511 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 11.1%)
Ranked #521 of 527 Massachusetts ZIPs (bottom 1.2%)
Ranked #34 of 38 Springfield, MA ZIPs (bottom 10.6%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Loneliness
42.8%
in the top 1.3% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who report feeling lonely.
Full methodology ›Energy-cost burden
6.2%
in the top 2.3% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS98thDefinition & source ›
The modeled share of household income spent on home energy bills — electricity, gas, and heating fuels.
A modeled share of household income spent on home energy. Estimates that hit the model’s 100% ceiling are suppressed rather than published, because at that point the figure reflects the model’s limit rather than a measured burden.
Full methodology ›Cognitive disability
22.4%
in the top 3.3% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults with serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions.
Full methodology ›Subsidized affordable housing
767 units
in the top 2.4% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST97thUS98thDefinition & source ›
The number of affordable rental units in this ZIP supported by the federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program.
Full methodology ›Housing insecurity
27.6%
in the top 2.6% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who experienced housing insecurity in the past 12 months.
Full methodology ›Lack of transportation
18.5%
in the top 3.0% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who lacked reliable transportation in the past 12 months.
Full methodology ›Utility shut-off threat
18.7%
in the top 3.3% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults whose household was threatened with a utility shut-off in the past 12 months.
Full methodology ›Transit access
6.1 per 1,000 residents
in the top 3.5% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST98thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The number of public-transit stops inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Food insecurity
33.8%
in the top 4.1% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who experienced food insecurity in the past 12 months.
Full methodology ›Housing-cost burden
47%
in the top 4.4% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST93rdUS96thDefinition & source ›
The share of households spending 30% or more of their income on housing.
Full methodology ›The read
By the composite measure, ZIP 01109, one of several in Springfield, Massachusetts sits in the bottom 11.1% nationally (28,511th) and the bottom 1.2% of Massachusetts (521st).
Where this area is stretched, the data is unambiguous: modeled loneliness is in the top 1.3% nationally, energy burden rests in the top 2.3% nationally, and cognitive disability sits in the top 3.3% nationally. Modeled housing insecurity registers in the top 2.6% nationally, transportation lands in the top 3.0% nationally, and utility shutoff resides in the top 3.3% nationally. Modeled food insecurity lies in the top 4.1% nationally, and housing-cost burden settles in the top 4.4% nationally. Better still, subsidized affordable housing stands in the top 2.4% nationally, and transit is in the top 3.5% nationally.
Compared with the ZIPs that surround it, park land runs far higher than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. In plain language, energy burden is the share of household income that goes to home energy bills. Subsidized affordable housing is the main federal tax-credit program (HUD) funding affordable rental housing, counted as local units it supports. ZIP 01108, just across the boundary, ranks healthier overall.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Springfield, MA metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 76%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 86%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 46%
21%
Holding it back
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 1%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 15%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 25%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 8%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 6%
8%
Disability
healthier than 12%
7%
Lifting this score
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 78%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 80%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 14%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
in the bottom 0.3%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 18%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 5%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 3%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 3%
8%
Disability
healthier than 4%
7%
Lifting this score
Healthcare Access
healthier than 86%
5%
About typical
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 49%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 31%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
in the bottom 0.00%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 26%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 14%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 14%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 9%
8%
Disability
healthier than 17%
7%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
2 of our published findings list this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 75.9 ± 1.3 years. A median household income of $48,415 predicts 77.2 years — 1.3 years below.
Ranked #1,610 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Below its nearby ZIPs
The ZIP codes that outlive their neighbors
Estimated life expectancy is 75.9 ± 1.3 years. The 50 nearest ZIP codes with estimates average 79.9 years — 4.0 years below them.
Ranked #3,024 of the 3,687 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above the nearby-ZIP average, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
01103
Massachusettsshares a border
Score 29.57
Closest healthier
01108
Massachusettsshares a border
Score 38.03
Similar health profile
13204
New York97% similar profile
Score 37.14
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 25.4% | 23.1–27.6 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 34.9% | 32.1–37.7 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 5.1% | 4.6–5.5 |
| Current asthma among adults | 14.1% | 12.7–15.7 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 6.3% | 5.7–6.9 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 7.4% | 6.7–8.2 |
| Depression among adults | 26.5% | 23.5–29.7 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 14.3% | 12.8–15.9 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 31.2% | 28.3–34.2 |
| Obesity among adults | 39.9% | 35.0–44.8 |
| Stroke among adults | 4.1% | 3.8–4.4 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 23.7% | 20.0–27.5 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 12.7% | 10.9–14.7 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 73.7% | 71.4–75.9 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 79.1% | 76.2–81.8 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 83.1% | 81.0–85.0 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 59.0% | 54.6–63.1 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 54.0% | 50.7–57.3 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 80.0% | 74.4–84.8 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 15.2% | 12.9–17.6 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 16.6% | 14.6–18.7 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 36.8% | 32.9–40.7 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 43.6% | 39.1–48.3 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 29.7% | 26.9–32.6 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 22.5% | 20.2–24.7 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 17.5% | 15.7–19.3 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 22.4% | 20.2–24.8 |
| Any disability among adults | 41.1% | 37.3–44.8 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 5.9% | 5.3–6.6 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 13.2% | 11.9–14.6 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 18.9% | 17.0–20.8 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 6.2% | 5.7–6.7 |
| Vision disability among adults | 9.0% | 8.3–9.8 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 35.0% | 31.3–38.7 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 33.8% | 30.3–37.3 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 39.9% | 36.5–43.4 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 27.6% | 24.7–30.7 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 18.5% | 16.5–20.5 |
| Loneliness among adults | 42.8% | 38.6–46.8 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 18.7% | 16.7–20.9 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | MA median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 24.9% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 6.4% (2.6–16.9%) n=524 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 3.8% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 2.4% (0.0–6.3%) n=525 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 24.4% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 4.7% (1.1–15.2%) n=526 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 17.9% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 45.7% (23.6–77.5%) n=526 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 11.1% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 4.4% (1.6–7.9%) n=523 |
| Households without a vehicle | 17.6% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 4.6% (0.4–20.2%) n=522 |
| Broadband subscription | 87.2% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 94.1% (87.2–98.4%) n=522 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 47.0% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 30.5% (21.2–43.7%) n=522 |
| Homeownership rate | 47.6% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 79.1% (39.6–93.5%) n=522 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 0.6% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 1.1% (0.0–3.8%) n=522 |
| Foreign-born population | 8.9% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 8.7% (1.9–28.4%) n=527 |
| Single-parent households | 36.0% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 52.5% (40.0–68.7%) n=520 |
| Population 65+ | 12.0% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 19.4% (12.1–33.8%) n=527 |
| Median age | 29.3 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 43.5 yr (34.3–57.2) n=524 |
| Median household income | $48,415 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $110,450 ($68,196–$177,335) n=505 |
| Median home value | $219,900 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $519,200 ($297,220–$949,670) n=508 |
| Median gross rent | $1,189 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $1,659 ($1,104–$2,452) n=461 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | MA median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 75.9 yr ± 0.65 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 81.3 yr (78.1–84.4) n=514 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.65 years of 75.9, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured