ZIP code
45416
in Trotwood, OhioPopulation 5,640
39.57/ 100
Ranked #27,038 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 16%)
Ranked #979 of 1,176 Ohio ZIPs (bottom 17%)
Ranked #50 of 57 Dayton-Kettering-Beavercreek, OH ZIPs (bottom 12.3%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Lead in tap water
120 ppb
in the top 0.09% nationally
Lower is healthier
US99thDefinition & source ›
The lead level at the 90th percentile of tap-water samples reported by the public water systems serving this ZIP, in parts per billion — the EPA requires action above 15 ppb.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Diabetes
21.6%
in the top 2.0% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST98thUS98thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who have been diagnosed with diabetes.
Full methodology ›Short sleep
47%
in the top 1.4% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST97thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who usually sleep less than seven hours in a 24-hour period.
Full methodology ›PFOS in drinking water
100%
at the national maximum
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The share of residents served by public water systems where PFOS, one of the most common “forever chemicals,” was detected in EPA testing.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Floodplain exposure
0.00%
at the national minimum
Lower is healthier
ST1stUS1stDefinition & source ›
The share of this ZIP’s land area inside FEMA’s 1%-annual-chance floodplain — the “100-year” flood zone, where flooding has about a 1-in-100 chance in any given year.
Measured from FEMA’s mapped flood panels. Where a panel has not been mapped, no value is published for that ZIP — those ZIPs are absent from this comparison rather than counted as unexposed.
Full methodology ›Utility shut-off threat
18.4%
in the top 3.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST95thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults whose household was threatened with a utility shut-off in the past 12 months.
Full methodology ›Loneliness
40.2%
in the top 3.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST94thUS96thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who report feeling lonely.
Full methodology ›Obesity
46.3%
in the top 2.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST96thUS97thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults with obesity, defined as a body-mass index of 30 or higher.
Full methodology ›Binge drinking
11.2%
in the bottom 3.7% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST1stUS4thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who report binge drinking — five or more drinks on one occasion for men, four or more for women.
Full methodology ›Stroke
5.8%
in the top 5.3% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST97thUS95thDefinition & source ›
The estimated share of adults who have been told by a health professional that they have had a stroke.
Full methodology ›The read
By its overall health score, ZIP 45416, one of several in Trotwood, Ohio lands in the bottom 16% nationally (27,038th) and the bottom 17% of Ohio (979th).
Where this area bears down hardest, the measures speak first: lead in tap water stands in the top 0.09% nationally, and modeled diabetes settles in the top 2.0% nationally. Modeled short sleep lies in the top 1.4% nationally, and PFOS in drinking water resides at the national maximum. Modeled utility shutoff lands in the top 3.5% nationally, loneliness registers in the top 3.8% nationally, and obesity sits in the top 2.8% nationally. Modeled stroke rests in the top 5.3% nationally. On the encouraging side, floodplain exposure is at the national minimum, and modeled binge drinking stands in the bottom 3.7% nationally.
Weighed against the ZIPs nearby, lead in tap water runs far lower than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. To translate a couple of terms, lead in tap water is the EPA trigger, 15 parts per billion in tap samples, above which a water system must act on lead. PFOS in drinking water is a common one of the man-made "forever chemicals" that build up in the body and environment instead of breaking down. Floodplain exposure is land with about a 1-in-100 chance of flooding each year, nicknamed the "100-year floodplain". Overall, the nearest healthier neighbor is ZIP 45415, just across the boundary.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Dayton-Kettering-Beavercreek, OH metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Preventive Care
healthier than 69%
13%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 79%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 73%
5%
About typical
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 42%
14%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 9%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 9%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 6%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 27%
8%
Disability
healthier than 15%
7%
Lifting this score
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 70%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 70%
13%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 76%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 70%
5%
About typical
Mental Health
healthier than 58%
8%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 6%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 8%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 13%
11%
Disability
healthier than 6%
7%
Lifting this score
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 96%
14%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 96%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 63%
5%
About typical
Preventive Care
healthier than 59%
13%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 4%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 7%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 13%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 38%
8%
Disability
healthier than 9%
7%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
2 of our published findings list this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 71.8 ± 1.8 years. A median household income of $46,174 predicts 77.0 years — 5.2 years below.
Ranked #5,594 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Below its nearby ZIPs
The ZIP codes that outlive their neighbors
Estimated life expectancy is 71.8 ± 1.8 years. The 48 nearest ZIP codes with estimates average 77.2 years — 5.4 years below them.
Ranked #3,461 of the 3,687 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above the nearby-ZIP average, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
45405
Ohioshares a border
Score 34.05
Closest healthier
45415
Ohioshares a border
Score 50.63
Similar health profile
21213
Maryland98% similar profile
Score 37.52
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 33.3% | 30.5–36.1 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 47.7% | 44.3–51.1 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 6.9% | 6.3–7.6 |
| Current asthma among adults | 13.5% | 12.1–15.0 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 8.6% | 7.8–9.5 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 10.2% | 9.3–11.4 |
| Depression among adults | 23.1% | 20.3–26.1 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 21.6% | 19.6–23.9 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 34.3% | 31.1–37.7 |
| Obesity among adults | 46.3% | 41.2–51.5 |
| Stroke among adults | 5.8% | 5.4–6.3 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 22.9% | 19.4–26.5 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 9.9% | 8.2–11.5 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 82.0% | 79.8–84.1 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 84.4% | 82.0–86.6 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 86.9% | 85.3–88.4 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 66.0% | 61.9–69.7 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 54.7% | 51.4–58.0 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 77.6% | 71.8–82.7 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 11.2% | 9.4–13.3 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 19.1% | 16.8–21.7 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 39.1% | 35.1–43.7 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 47.0% | 42.8–51.2 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 29.7% | 26.8–33.0 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 19.6% | 17.6–21.8 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 16.8% | 15.1–18.7 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 16.7% | 15.0–18.7 |
| Any disability among adults | 38.0% | 34.5–42.0 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 6.5% | 5.8–7.2 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 12.0% | 10.8–13.4 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 21.7% | 19.6–24.1 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 6.9% | 6.3–7.6 |
| Vision disability among adults | 8.5% | 7.7–9.3 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 27.2% | 23.6–31.0 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 28.9% | 25.2–32.8 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 28.6% | 25.0–32.5 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 23.1% | 20.3–26.3 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 14.8% | 13.0–16.7 |
| Loneliness among adults | 40.2% | 35.4–45.2 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 18.4% | 16.1–20.8 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | OH median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 29.9% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 10.7% (3.5–26.2%) n=1,177 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 2.5% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 7.8% (2.5–18.1%) n=1,174 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 7.4% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 7.5% (2.3–17.0%) n=1,179 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 12.5% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 19.7% (8.1–45.8%) n=1,179 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 3.6% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 3.7% (0.0–9.8%) n=1,171 |
| Households without a vehicle | 7.0% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 4.4% (0.0–14.5%) n=1,177 |
| Broadband subscription | 89.5% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 88.9% (76.5–96.0%) n=1,177 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 40.0% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 21.3% (11.2–34.6%) n=1,177 |
| Homeownership rate | 66.3% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 78.3% (52.8–91.8%) n=1,177 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 4.3% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 0.8% (0.0–3.5%) n=1,177 |
| Foreign-born population | 1.7% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 1.0% (0.0–6.8%) n=1,180 |
| Single-parent households | 41.6% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 53.2% (36.6–68.1%) n=1,168 |
| Population 65+ | 17.8% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 19.0% (11.1–27.2%) n=1,180 |
| Median age | 41.7 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 41.5 yr (33.2–50.5) n=1,169 |
| Median household income | $46,174 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $70,500 ($46,328–$101,197) n=1,127 |
| Median home value | $81,100 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $177,700 ($104,860–$310,980) n=1,117 |
| Median gross rent | $1,190 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $907 ($714–$1,294) n=1,007 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | OH median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 71.8 yr ± 0.91 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 77.9 yr (74.0–81.3) n=1,154 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.91 years of 71.8, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured