ZIP code
45123
in Greenfield, OhioPopulation 8,740
40.40/ 100
Ranked #26,479 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 17%)
Ranked #963 of 1,176 Ohio ZIPs (bottom 18%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Radon
3.3 pCi/L
in the top 6.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST81stUS93rdDefinition & source ›
The modeled typical indoor radon level for this area, in picocuries per liter — the EPA recommends fixing a home at 4 pCi/L or above.
Modeled from indoor-radon measurements. In Alaska and Hawaii, where those measurements are not published, a US Geological Survey geologic radon-potential category stands in — a coarser input, disclosed rather than hidden.
Full methodology ›Outpatient-care access
0.57 per 1,000 residents
in the top 6.1% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST97thUS94thDefinition & source ›
The number of outpatient clinics located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Mental-health provider access
0.11 per 1,000 residents
in the top 9.4% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST92ndUS91stDefinition & source ›
The number of mental-health clinics located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Crowded housing
3.9%
in the top 19% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST92ndUS81stDefinition & source ›
The share of occupied homes with more than one person per room, the Census definition of crowded housing.
Full methodology ›The read
Greenfield, Ohio (ZIP 45123), on the composite measure, lands in the bottom 17% nationally (26,479th) and the bottom 18% of Ohio (963rd), based on limited data; treat as directional.
The profile cuts both ways, and the readings bear that out: distance to an emergency room resides at the national minimum, shared with about 11% of ZIPs. Outpatient lies in the top 6.1% nationally, and mental-health providers settles in the top 9.4% nationally. Distance to a community health center stands at the national minimum, shared with about 23% of ZIPs. Distance to a nursing home is at the national minimum, shared with about 27% of ZIPs. Working the other way, modeled radon rests in the top 6.8% nationally. Fiber broadband sits at the national minimum, shared with about 19% of ZIPs. Modeled short sleep registers in the top 10.9% nationally, and tooth loss lands in the top 13.1% nationally. Distance to a hazardous-chemical facility resides at the national minimum, shared with about 31% of ZIPs.
In everyday language, radon is a radioactive soil gas the EPA identifies as the top cause of lung cancer in nonsmokers. Distance to a hazardous-chemical facility is a plant handling large amounts of hazardous chemicals that must file an EPA risk-management plan for accidental releases. Distance to a community health center is a federally funded (HRSA) community health center serving everyone regardless of ability to pay. A healthier neighbor overall sits at ZIP 43160, just across the boundary.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Climate / Disaster RiskPartial
healthier than 60%
5%
Healthcare Access
in the top 0.00%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 19%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 36%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 23%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 31%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 8%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 9%
8%
Disability
healthier than 33%
7%
Lifting this score
Healthcare Access
in the top 0.00%
5%
About typical
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 42%
14%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 22%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 38%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 16%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 15%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 14%
8%
Disability
healthier than 21%
7%
Climate / Disaster RiskPartial
healthier than 28%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
One of our published findings lists this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 74.0 ± 1.8 years. A median household income of $62,404 predicts 78.2 years — 4.3 years below.
Ranked #5,206 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
43160
Ohioshares a border
Score 41.54
Closest healthier
45133
Ohioshares a border
Score 40.53
Similar health profile
43138
Ohio99% similar profile
Score 39.83
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 33.6% | 31.1–36.2 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 40.2% | 37.3–43.3 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 9.4% | 8.7–10.2 |
| Current asthma among adults | 11.8% | 10.7–12.9 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 8.4% | 7.7–9.1 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 10.8% | 9.8–11.8 |
| Depression among adults | 28.1% | 25.4–31.1 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 14.7% | 13.3–16.3 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 39.4% | 36.3–42.5 |
| Obesity among adults | 41.9% | 37.2–47.1 |
| Stroke among adults | 4.2% | 3.9–4.6 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 21.7% | 18.9–24.6 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 9.3% | 7.9–10.7 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 79.6% | 77.7–81.5 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 78.2% | 75.6–80.6 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 84.1% | 82.5–85.6 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 61.8% | 58.0–65.3 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 55.3% | 52.4–58.1 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 73.8% | 68.2–78.7 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 15.7% | 13.7–18.0 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 20.5% | 18.2–22.7 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 32.9% | 29.3–36.6 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 41.5% | 37.1–45.8 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 23.5% | 21.1–25.9 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 19.9% | 18.2–21.7 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 16.7% | 15.1–18.3 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 16.9% | 15.3–18.6 |
| Any disability among adults | 34.5% | 31.1–37.9 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 8.1% | 7.4–8.9 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 10.1% | 9.2–11.1 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 16.8% | 15.2–18.6 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 4.7% | 4.3–5.1 |
| Vision disability among adults | 5.8% | 5.3–6.3 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 22.0% | 19.3–24.8 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 16.4% | 14.3–18.6 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 14.7% | 12.8–16.8 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 12.3% | 10.8–13.9 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 8.8% | 7.9–9.8 |
| Loneliness among adults | 34.6% | 30.6–38.6 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 9.0% | 8.0–10.1 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | OH median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 17.6% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 10.7% (3.5–26.2%) n=1,177 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 13.6% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 7.8% (2.5–18.1%) n=1,174 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 15.1% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 7.5% (2.3–17.0%) n=1,179 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 13.8% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 19.7% (8.1–45.8%) n=1,179 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 2.3% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 3.7% (0.0–9.8%) n=1,171 |
| Households without a vehicle | 8.4% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 4.4% (0.0–14.5%) n=1,177 |
| Broadband subscription | 82.7% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 88.9% (76.5–96.0%) n=1,177 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 20.8% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 21.3% (11.2–34.6%) n=1,177 |
| Homeownership rate | 68.4% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 78.3% (52.8–91.8%) n=1,177 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 3.9% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 0.8% (0.0–3.5%) n=1,177 |
| Foreign-born population | 0.6% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 1.0% (0.0–6.8%) n=1,180 |
| Single-parent households | 51.1% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 53.2% (36.6–68.1%) n=1,168 |
| Population 65+ | 15.6% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 19.0% (11.1–27.2%) n=1,180 |
| Median age | 36.8 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 41.5 yr (33.2–50.5) n=1,169 |
| Median household income | $62,404 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $70,500 ($46,328–$101,197) n=1,127 |
| Median home value | $161,700 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $177,700 ($104,860–$310,980) n=1,117 |
| Median gross rent | $756 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $907 ($714–$1,294) n=1,007 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | OH median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 74.0 yr ± 0.90 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 77.9 yr (74.0–81.3) n=1,154 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.90 years of 74.0, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured