ZIP code
38401
in Columbia, TennesseePopulation 67,482
47.07/ 100
Ranked #20,076 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 37%)
Ranked #153 of 616 Tennessee ZIPs (top 25%)
Ranked #63 of 110 Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN ZIPs (bottom 43%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Expected annual disaster loss
$1
in the top 0.5% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS99thDefinition & source ›
FEMA’s modeled estimate, in dollars per year, of the average harm to people expected from natural hazards — an annualized average, not a forecast for any single year.
Full methodology ›Natural-disaster risk
in the top 1.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS98thDefinition & source ›
This area’s national rank on its single highest non-flood natural hazard — such as wildfire, tornado, or earthquake — in FEMA’s modeled National Risk Index; flooding is shown separately.
Full methodology ›Subsidized affordable housing
767 units
in the top 2.4% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST97thUS98thDefinition & source ›
The number of affordable rental units in this ZIP supported by the federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program.
Full methodology ›Fine-particle (PM2.5) exceedance
0.27%
in the top 23% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS77thDefinition & source ›
The share of days in the year when modeled fine-particle (PM2.5) pollution was above the EPA’s daily limit of 35 micrograms per cubic meter.
Full methodology ›The read
Judged by its overall standing, Columbia, Tennessee (ZIP 38401) sits in the bottom 37% nationally (20,076th) and the top 25% of Tennessee (153rd).
A few readings account for most of this area's strain: modeled expected annual loss resides in the top 0.5% nationally, and disaster risk sits in the top 1.8% nationally. Distance to a hazardous-chemical facility stands at the national minimum, shared with about 31% of ZIPs. Modeled humid heat resides in the top 19% nationally. On the better side, subsidized affordable housing sits in the top 2.4% nationally. Distance to an emergency room stands at the national minimum, shared with about 11% of ZIPs. Distance to a community health center resides at the national minimum, shared with about 23% of ZIPs. Mental-health providers sits in the top 11.4% nationally, and physicians stands in the top 13.5% nationally. Distance to a nursing home resides at the national minimum, shared with about 27% of ZIPs.
Placed beside its immediate neighbors, expected annual loss runs far higher than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. Put plainly, expected annual loss is FEMA's modeled estimate, in dollars, of average yearly harm to people from natural hazards. Disaster risk is the area's national rank on its highest non-flood peril in FEMA's modeled Risk Index, like wildfire or quake. Distance to a hazardous-chemical facility is a plant handling large amounts of hazardous chemicals that must file an EPA risk-management plan for accidental releases. A healthier nearby ZIP overall is ZIP 37034, just across the boundary.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 72%
16%
Healthcare Access
in the top 0.00%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 44%
21%
Preventive Care
healthier than 41%
13%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 41%
5%
Holding it back
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 28%
14%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 37%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 10%
8%
Disability
healthier than 39%
7%
Lifting this score
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 78%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 81%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 72%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 68%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 73%
8%
Disability
healthier than 74%
7%
Healthcare Access
in the top 0.00%
5%
About typical
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 44%
5%
Holding it back
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 20%
14%
Lifting this score
Preventive Care
healthier than 64%
13%
Healthcare Access
in the top 0.00%
5%
About typical
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 54%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 48%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 57%
8%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 39%
21%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 25%
14%
Disability
healthier than 35%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 34%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
One of our published findings lists this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 76.4 ± 0.8 years. A median household income of $68,475 predicts 78.6 years — 2.2 years below.
Ranked #2,956 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
37034
Tennesseeshares a border
Score 47.35
Closest healthier
37064
Tennesseeshares a border
Score 58.75
Similar health profile
37804
Tennessee99% similar profile
Score 45.67
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 31.2% | 27.8–34.6 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 40.4% | 36.1–44.6 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 8.5% | 7.7–9.3 |
| Current asthma among adults | 11.0% | 9.7–12.3 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 7.0% | 6.3–7.7 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 8.6% | 7.7–9.5 |
| Depression among adults | 28.0% | 24.2–32.0 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 13.5% | 11.8–15.2 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 38.5% | 34.1–42.9 |
| Obesity among adults | 36.1% | 28.8–43.5 |
| Stroke among adults | 3.8% | 3.5–4.0 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 14.5% | 11.8–17.4 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 11.8% | 10.3–13.5 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 76.4% | 73.4–79.0 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 77.1% | 73.2–80.5 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 86.8% | 85.0–88.3 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 65.2% | 60.2–69.9 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 59.5% | 55.7–63.0 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 77.6% | 70.4–83.7 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 14.4% | 11.7–17.4 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 17.5% | 15.4–19.8 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 26.3% | 22.2–30.5 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 39.5% | 33.5–45.7 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 21.9% | 19.4–24.5 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 19.5% | 17.4–21.7 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 14.9% | 13.3–16.7 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 17.4% | 15.7–19.3 |
| Any disability among adults | 35.0% | 30.9–39.3 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 7.6% | 6.8–8.5 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 9.4% | 8.5–10.5 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 16.3% | 14.4–18.2 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 4.2% | 3.9–4.6 |
| Vision disability among adults | 5.6% | 5.1–6.1 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | TN median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 11.6% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 13.8% (5.1–26.1%) n=609 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 13.3% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 14.0% (5.9–24.0%) n=615 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 7.8% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 11.6% (4.2–19.5%) n=613 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 26.2% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 19.0% (10.0–42.6%) n=613 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 2.3% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 4.0% (0.4–9.6%) n=613 |
| Households without a vehicle | 2.8% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.9% (0.3–10.1%) n=608 |
| Broadband subscription | 90.3% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 86.7% (76.0–94.9%) n=608 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 29.3% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 21.4% (11.8–33.6%) n=608 |
| Homeownership rate | 70.1% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 77.7% (53.4–91.5%) n=608 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 1.3% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 1.5% (0.0–4.5%) n=608 |
| Foreign-born population | 3.8% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 1.8% (0.0–8.3%) n=617 |
| Single-parent households | 47.9% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 52.6% (39.1–68.7%) n=608 |
| Population 65+ | 17.2% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 19.0% (11.5–27.9%) n=617 |
| Median age | 38.5 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 42.3 yr (33.8–52.5) n=615 |
| Median household income | $68,475 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $61,577 ($42,745–$94,822) n=594 |
| Median home value | $339,400 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $215,100 ($120,900–$397,120) n=593 |
| Median gross rent | $1,187 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $908 ($659–$1,523) n=516 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | TN median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 76.4 yr ± 0.41 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 75.1 yr (72.6–78.1) n=587 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.41 years of 76.4, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured