ZIP code
24012
in Roanoke, VirginiaPopulation 28,235
44.94/ 100
Ranked #22,473 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 30%)
Ranked #660 of 873 Virginia ZIPs (bottom 24%)
Ranked #28 of 33 Roanoke, VA ZIPs (bottom 15%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Transit access
5.2 per 1,000 residents
in the top 4.7% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST95thUS95thDefinition & source ›
The number of public-transit stops inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›PFOA in drinking water
91.3%
in the top 8.2% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST86thUS92ndDefinition & source ›
The share of residents served by public water systems where PFOA, one of the man-made “forever chemicals,” was detected in EPA testing.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›PFOS in drinking water
91.3%
in the top 8.4% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST79thUS92ndDefinition & source ›
The share of residents served by public water systems where PFOS, one of the most common “forever chemicals,” was detected in EPA testing.
Measured from EPA records for the public water systems that serve this ZIP. Households on private wells — roughly 30% of the US population — are not covered by this measure, and this figure says nothing about their water.
Full methodology ›Subsidized affordable housing
264 units
in the top 9.4% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST86thUS91stDefinition & source ›
The number of affordable rental units in this ZIP supported by the federal Low-Income Housing Tax Credit program.
Full methodology ›Housing-cost burden
39.4%
in the top 10.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST91stUS89thDefinition & source ›
The share of households spending 30% or more of their income on housing.
Full methodology ›Expected annual disaster loss
$0
in the top 25% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST93rdUS75thDefinition & source ›
FEMA’s modeled estimate, in dollars per year, of the average harm to people expected from natural hazards — an annualized average, not a forecast for any single year.
Full methodology ›The read
ZIP 24012, one of several in Roanoke, Virginia, by its composite score, sits in the bottom 30% nationally (22,473rd) and the bottom 24% of Virginia (660th).
The measures fall on both sides for this area, fairly evenly: transit is in the top 4.7% nationally, and subsidized affordable housing lands in the top 9.4% nationally. Distance to a community health center stands at the national minimum, shared with about 23% of ZIPs. Walkability registers in the top 13.4% nationally. Distance to a nursing home settles at the national minimum, shared with about 27% of ZIPs. Pulling the other way, PFOA in drinking water sits in the top 8.2% nationally, PFOS in drinking water lies in the top 8.4% nationally, and homeownership rests in the bottom 10.6% nationally. Housing-cost burden resides in the top 10.8% nationally, and households without a vehicle is in the top 13.1% nationally.
Next to the surrounding area, park land runs far lower than the surrounding ZIPs on this measure. For anyone unfamiliar, PFOA in drinking water is one of the man-made "forever chemicals" that build up in the body and environment instead of breaking down. PFOS in drinking water is a common one of the man-made "forever chemicals" that build up in the body and environment instead of breaking down. Subsidized affordable housing is the main federal tax-credit program (HUD) funding affordable rental housing, counted as local units it supports. For a healthier comparison close by, see ZIP 24019, just across the boundary.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Roanoke, VA metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Healthcare Access
healthier than 89%
5%
About typical
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 54%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 35%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 32%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 13%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 37%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 34%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 29%
8%
Disability
healthier than 26%
7%
Lifting this score
Healthcare Access
healthier than 95%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 53%
21%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 59%
5%
Holding it back
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 27%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 3%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 14%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 19%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 22%
8%
Disability
healthier than 31%
7%
Lifting this score
Healthcare Access
healthier than 94%
5%
About typical
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 41%
21%
Holding it back
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 16%
16%
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 6%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 16%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 9%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 19%
8%
Disability
healthier than 22%
7%
Climate / Disaster Risk
healthier than 34%
5%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Findings that name this ZIP
2 of our published findings list this ZIP code. Each finding compares one published measure against a stated benchmark, and names only the ZIP codes whose estimates are reliable enough to rank. See all surprising findings.
Below what income predicts
The ZIP codes that outlive their incomes
Estimated life expectancy is 75.3 ± 1.0 years. A median household income of $52,973 predicts 77.6 years — 2.3 years below.
Ranked #3,092 of the 5,842 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above what income predicts, highest first.
Below its nearby ZIPs
The ZIP codes that outlive their neighbors
Estimated life expectancy is 75.3 ± 1.0 years. The 46 nearest ZIP codes with estimates average 77.6 years — 2.3 years below them.
Ranked #1,792 of the 3,687 ZIP codes this finding names, ordered by years above the nearby-ZIP average, highest first.
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
24013
Virginiashares a border
Score 38.01
Closest healthier
24019
Virginiashares a border
Score 54.04
Similar health profile
27101
North Carolina97% similar profile
Score 45.62
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 30.5% | 28.0–33.1 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 39.0% | 35.9–42.2 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 8.2% | 7.6–8.8 |
| Current asthma among adults | 11.4% | 10.3–12.5 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 7.6% | 7.0–8.3 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 8.8% | 7.9–9.7 |
| Depression among adults | 24.3% | 21.5–27.2 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 14.8% | 13.3–16.4 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 37.9% | 34.8–41.1 |
| Obesity among adults | 41.0% | 35.7–46.5 |
| Stroke among adults | 4.2% | 4.0–4.5 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 15.9% | 13.6–18.3 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 12.4% | 10.9–14.1 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 77.4% | 75.1–79.6 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 78.0% | 75.1–80.7 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 85.5% | 83.9–87.1 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 65.9% | 62.2–69.5 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 60.9% | 58.0–63.6 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 74.5% | 68.8–79.3 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 14.2% | 12.1–16.5 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 17.0% | 15.0–18.9 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 30.6% | 27.0–34.1 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 38.3% | 33.7–42.8 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 23.7% | 21.4–26.0 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 18.4% | 16.6–20.1 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 16.0% | 14.5–17.5 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 17.8% | 16.1–19.5 |
| Any disability among adults | 35.8% | 32.4–39.1 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 7.8% | 7.1–8.5 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 10.6% | 9.6–11.6 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 17.7% | 16.0–19.5 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 5.0% | 4.6–5.4 |
| Vision disability among adults | 6.7% | 6.2–7.3 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 23.4% | 20.7–26.4 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 19.7% | 17.5–22.0 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 18.2% | 16.1–20.3 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 15.2% | 13.4–17.0 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 10.5% | 9.4–11.6 |
| Loneliness among adults | 35.5% | 31.7–39.8 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 10.4% | 9.2–11.7 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | VA median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 19.9% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 9.2% (2.0–22.9%) n=863 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 13.2% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 8.3% (0.0–19.2%) n=861 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 12.0% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 9.2% (1.9–20.7%) n=872 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 25.6% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 26.0% (9.2–59.8%) n=872 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 4.4% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 3.2% (0.0–8.2%) n=860 |
| Households without a vehicle | 10.8% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.6% (0.0–11.3%) n=862 |
| Broadband subscription | 86.7% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 87.9% (69.5–97.9%) n=862 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 39.4% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 23.1% (10.8–38.1%) n=862 |
| Homeownership rate | 52.8% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 78.1% (52.2–95.9%) n=862 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 3.4% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 0.7% (0.0–4.0%) n=862 |
| Foreign-born population | 11.0% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 2.9% (0.0–17.0%) n=874 |
| Single-parent households | 42.4% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 54.3% (38.2–78.2%) n=855 |
| Population 65+ | 18.8% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 20.5% (10.8–37.3%) n=874 |
| Median age | 39.8 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 43.6 yr (34.0–59.2) n=864 |
| Median household income | $52,973 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $73,854 ($46,504–$141,698) n=804 |
| Median home value | $184,400 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $274,800 ($123,240–$642,380) n=789 |
| Median gross rent | $1,049 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $1,144 ($742–$2,191) n=615 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | VA median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 75.3 yr ± 0.53 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 77.6 yr (74.5–81.4) n=826 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 0.53 years of 75.3, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured