ZIP code
04457
in Lincoln, MainePopulation 5,823
41.22/ 100
Ranked #25,861 of 32,066 US ZIPs (bottom 19%)
Ranked #346 of 408 Maine ZIPs (bottom 15%)
Ranked #29 of 45 Bangor, ME ZIPs (bottom 36%)
Ranks are modeled estimates — ZIPs a few hundred places apart are effectively tied.
What defines this ZIP
Metrics where this ZIP sits in the tails of the national distribution — the ones that most set it apart. Select any tile for its definition and methodology.
Energy-cost burden
7.1%
in the top 1.1% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST99thUS99thDefinition & source ›
The modeled share of household income spent on home energy bills — electricity, gas, and heating fuels.
A modeled share of household income spent on home energy. Estimates that hit the model’s 100% ceiling are suppressed rather than published, because at that point the figure reflects the model’s limit rather than a measured burden.
Full methodology ›Mental-health provider access
0.35 per 1,000 residents
in the top 1.6% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST97thUS98thDefinition & source ›
The number of mental-health clinics located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Outpatient-care access
0.7 per 1,000 residents
in the top 3.9% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST93rdUS96thDefinition & source ›
The number of outpatient clinics located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Arsenic in groundwater
20.4%
in the top 6.3% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST73rdUS94thDefinition & source ›
The modeled probability that untreated groundwater in this area — the source private wells draw on — exceeds the federal arsenic limit of 10 micrograms per liter.
A modeled likelihood for untreated groundwater, the source drawn on by private wells, which are federally unregulated. It is not a measurement of treated water delivered by a public system, and it is not a test of any individual well.
Full methodology ›Air-toxics cancer risk
18.3 per million
in the bottom 6.8% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST33rdUS7thDefinition & source ›
The EPA’s modeled estimate of added lifetime cancer risk from breathing outdoor air toxics, in cases per million people exposed over a lifetime.
Full methodology ›Physician access
1.9 per 1,000 residents
in the top 7.7% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST92ndUS92ndDefinition & source ›
The number of physicians’ offices located inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Humid extreme heat
11.2 days/year
in the bottom 8.2% nationally
Lower is healthier
ST38thUS8thDefinition & source ›
The average number of days per year when modeled heat stress — temperature, humidity, sun, and wind combined — reaches levels hard on the body outdoors.
Full methodology ›Elder-services access
0.18 per 1,000 residents
in the top 8.3% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST94thUS92ndDefinition & source ›
The number of services for older adults and people with disabilities inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one.
Full methodology ›Grocery access
0.18 per 1,000 residents
in the top 9.1% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST87thUS91stDefinition & source ›
The number of full supermarkets inside this ZIP’s boundary, per 1,000 residents.
Counted from establishments located inside this ZIP’s boundary, so one just across the line is not counted. Where a ZIP has too few residents for the density to be reliable, no value is published rather than an unreliable one. ZipVitals’s food-access signal is derived from these in-ZIP densities — it is not USDA’s food-desert designation, which measures distance to the nearest supermarket. Where a leg is missing, a ZIP reads “not determinable,” never “not a food desert.”
Full methodology ›Tree cover
69.9%
in the top 9.2% nationally
Higher is healthier
ST80thUS91stDefinition & source ›
The share of this ZIP’s land area covered by forest.
Full methodology ›The read
Judged by its overall standing, Lincoln, Maine (ZIP 04457) sits in the bottom 19% nationally (25,861st) and the bottom 15% of Maine (346th), based on limited data; treat as directional.
The profile carries real weight, and several readings make that plain: modeled energy burden lands in the top 1.1% nationally, and arsenic rests in the top 6.3% nationally. Better still, mental-health providers settles in the top 1.6% nationally, and outpatient lands in the top 3.9% nationally. Distance to an emergency room rests at the national minimum, shared with about 11% of ZIPs. Modeled air-toxics cancer risk settles in the bottom 6.8% nationally, and physicians lands in the top 7.7% nationally. Modeled humid heat rests in the bottom 8.2% nationally, and elder services settles in the top 8.3% nationally. Grocery lands in the top 9.1% nationally.
Put plainly, arsenic is a natural groundwater contaminant, here a modeled estimate of the chance private-well levels exceed a benchmark. Air-toxics cancer risk is a modeled EPA estimate of added lifetime cancer risk from breathing outdoor air, per million people. Energy burden is the share of household income that goes to home energy bills. A healthier nearby ZIP overall is ZIP 04493, just across the boundary.
What’s driving this score
Nine domains make up the ZipVitals Score — here is how this ZIP does on each, and how much each one counts. Compare it against the US, this state and the Bangor, ME metro area.
Compared with the ZIP codes measured across all nine scoring domains — not with all US ZIP codes.
Lifting this score
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 81%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 63%
13%
Climate / Disaster RiskPartial
in the top 0.09%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 67%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 10%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 6%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 38%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 8%
8%
Disability
healthier than 25%
7%
Lifting this score
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 69%
14%
Climate / Disaster RiskPartial
in the top 0.00%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 89%
5%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
healthier than 8%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
healthier than 5%
16%
Preventive Care
healthier than 21%
13%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 14%
11%
Mental Health
healthier than 12%
8%
Disability
healthier than 11%
7%
Lifting this score
Climate / Disaster RiskPartial
in the top 0.00%
5%
Healthcare Access
healthier than 68%
5%
About typical
Environmental Hazard
healthier than 46%
14%
Preventive Care
healthier than 44%
13%
Mental Health
healthier than 58%
8%
Holding it back
Chronic Disease Burden
in the bottom 0.00%
21%
Social Need / SDOH
in the bottom 0.00%
16%
Risk Behavior
healthier than 26%
11%
Disability
healthier than 4%
7%
“Share” is how much of this ZIP’s score the domain accounts for. Percentages are rounded; higher is healthier in every domain. How the score works, and who it compares you with ›
Nearby & similar ZIPs
Editorially selected — see how this ZIP compares to nearby and similar places.
Nearby
04417
Maineshares a border
Score 36.47
Closest healthier
04493
Maineshares a border
Score 45.05
Similar health profile
04911
Maine99% similar profile
Score 42.22
How these were chosen: only ZIPs with a published Score appear — a nearby ZIP with too little data to score won’t. Nearby means closest by distance between ZIP boundaries, which can cross state lines. A similar health profile is a close match across the nine Score domains, not similar demographics. Distances are measured between ZIP boundaries — ZIPs that touch share a border. How distance is measured
Evidence
Every measure this page draws on, by source. Collapsed by default — the full data stays in the page for search engines either way.
Health OutcomesCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Arthritis among adults | 36.9% | 34.2–39.4 |
| High blood pressure among adults | 42.4% | 39.5–45.2 |
| Cancer (non-skin) or melanoma among adults | 10.9% | 9.9–11.8 |
| Current asthma among adults | 13.8% | 12.5–15.1 |
| Coronary heart disease among adults | 9.5% | 8.6–10.5 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults | 11.0% | 9.7–12.4 |
| Depression among adults | 29.0% | 26.2–31.7 |
| Diagnosed diabetes among adults | 13.9% | 12.4–15.6 |
| High cholesterol among adults who have ever been screened | 40.8% | 38.0–43.7 |
| Obesity among adults | 40.2% | 36.0–44.5 |
| Stroke among adults | 4.5% | 4.0–4.9 |
| All teeth lost among adults aged >=65 years | 22.8% | 19.3–26.5 |
PreventionCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years | 8.8% | 7.4–10.6 |
| Taking medicine to control high blood pressure among adults with high blood pressure | 77.6% | 75.1–79.9 |
| Visits to doctor for routine checkup within the past year among adults | 83.3% | 81.1–85.4 |
| Cholesterol screening among adults | 87.0% | 85.4–88.5 |
| Colorectal cancer screening among adults aged 45–75 years | 66.5% | 62.7–70.1 |
| Visited dentist or dental clinic in the past year among adults | 53.9% | 50.9–56.9 |
| Mammography use among women aged 50-74 years | 78.2% | 73.1–83.0 |
Health Risk BehaviorsCDC PLACES 2022 / 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Binge drinking among adults | 14.1% | 12.3–16.1 |
| Current cigarette smoking among adults | 18.1% | 15.6–20.4 |
| No leisure-time physical activity among adults | 30.0% | 26.5–33.3 |
| Short sleep duration among adults | 36.7% | 32.9–40.6 |
Health StatusCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults | 24.2% | 21.6–26.8 |
| Frequent mental distress among adults | 19.6% | 17.7–21.5 |
| Frequent physical distress among adults | 17.9% | 16.0–19.7 |
DisabilityCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive disability among adults | 17.7% | 15.8–19.6 |
| Any disability among adults | 38.2% | 34.7–41.5 |
| Hearing disability among adults | 10.2% | 9.1–11.2 |
| Independent living disability among adults | 9.9% | 8.7–11.1 |
| Mobility disability among adults | 18.9% | 16.7–20.9 |
| Self-care disability among adults | 4.6% | 4.1–5.1 |
| Vision disability among adults | 5.7% | 5.0–6.3 |
Health-Related Social NeedsCDC PLACES 2023 · BRFSS
| Measure | Crude prevalence | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Lack of social and emotional support among adults | 23.9% | 21.1–26.7 |
| Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 13.4% | 11.4–15.6 |
| Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults | 19.4% | 16.6–22.2 |
| Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults | 10.9% | 9.4–12.6 |
| Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults | 9.5% | 8.3–10.7 |
| Loneliness among adults | 34.2% | 30.9–37.5 |
| Utility services shut-off threat in the past 12 months among adults | 8.8% | 7.6–10.1 |
Community & economyCensus ACS 5-Year · 2024 release · observed
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | ME median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Poverty rate | 15.0% | 10.6% (3.1–25.8%) n=32,364 | 10.3% (3.2–19.5%) n=416 |
| Uninsured 18–64 | 10.7% | 9.0% (1.5–24.3%) n=32,286 | 9.8% (3.0–20.9%) n=413 |
| No HS diploma (25+) | 6.1% | 7.9% (1.8–20.7%) n=32,505 | 5.2% (0.8–11.7%) n=417 |
| Bachelor's or higher (25+) | 19.3% | 23.3% (9.2–53.6%) n=32,505 | 29.4% (14.9–57.3%) n=417 |
| Unemployment rate (16+) | 5.7% | 3.9% (0.0–9.8%) n=32,274 | 3.1% (0.0–8.3%) n=415 |
| Households without a vehicle | 8.0% | 3.9% (0.0–12.5%) n=32,322 | 3.7% (0.0–11.5%) n=416 |
| Broadband subscription | 85.7% | 89.3% (75.1–97.1%) n=32,322 | 89.9% (79.7–97.2%) n=416 |
| Housing cost burden (≥30% income) | 26.7% | 23.7% (10.6–40.0%) n=32,322 | 23.4% (13.9–35.0%) n=416 |
| Homeownership rate | 73.8% | 78.7% (51.7–94.0%) n=32,322 | 84.7% (68.7–95.5%) n=416 |
| Crowded housing (>1 per room) | 1.0% | 1.3% (0.0–6.3%) n=32,322 | 0.8% (0.0–3.4%) n=416 |
| Foreign-born population | 2.6% | 2.6% (0.0–18.6%) n=32,553 | 2.1% (0.1–5.9%) n=417 |
| Single-parent households | 61.3% | 53.6% (37.3–74.1%) n=32,087 | 61.5% (48.8–80.6%) n=414 |
| Population 65+ | 29.8% | 19.4% (10.8–33.6%) n=32,553 | 24.6% (16.3–42.1%) n=417 |
| Median age | 52.0 yr | 42.2 yr (33.0–56.3) n=32,292 | 49.0 yr (39.3–60.7) n=413 |
| Median household income | $56,645 | $72,070 ($46,039–$118,707) n=30,318 | $68,485 ($50,225–$100,018) n=396 |
| Median home value | $146,300 | $222,200 ($100,300–$579,820) n=30,049 | $246,500 ($130,660–$484,830) n=402 |
| Median gross rent | $663 | $1,021 ($677–$1,912) n=25,670 | $1,014 ($618–$1,501) n=320 |
Life expectancyNCHS / RWJF USALEEP · model-based
| Measure | Value | US median (p10–p90) | ME median (p10–p90) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 76.3 yr ± 1.11 | 78.9 yr (74.7–82.8) n=31,308 | 79.0 yr (76.1–82.5) n=363 |
About the ± — it’s this estimate’s give-or-take (statisticians call it the standard error). The true life expectancy for this ZIP most likely falls within 1.11 years of 76.3, and it’s very unlikely to be off by more than twice that.
More ZIPs to explore ▾More ZIPs to explore ▴
How these lists were built: they draw only from ZIPs that have a published Score, so ZIPs with too little data to score are not listed. Distance-based lists use distance between ZIP boundaries with no state filter, so an out-of-state ZIP can appear. Statistically similar means a close match across the nine Score domains, not a demographic match: the measure is the cosine similarity between two ZIPs’ domain scores, taken over the domains both ZIPs have data for and only where that overlap covers at least six of the nine — and where no ZIP clears that minimum-overlap floor, that list is left out rather than filled with a weak match. How distance is measured